**Title: Predicting the Major Organic Product in a Friedel-Crafts Alkylation Reaction****Introduction to Friedel-Crafts Alkylation:**Friedel-Crafts alkylation is a chemical reaction used to attach an alkyl group to an aromatic ring, such as benzene. This reaction is facilitated by a Lewis acid catalyst, typically aluminum chloride (AlCl₃).**Reaction Overview:**In this example, benzene reacts with a chloromethyl compound (chloromethylbenzene) in the presence of an aluminum chloride catalyst. The structures are shown in the reaction schematic:- **Benzene**: An aromatic ring with alternating single and double bonds.- **Chloromethylbenzene**: A benzene ring attached to a chloromethyl group (Cl-CH₂).- **Catalyst**: Aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) is used to facilitate the reaction.**Expected Outcome:**The Lewis acid (AlCl₃) polarizes the C-Cl bond in the chloromethyl compound, making the carbon more electrophilic. The benzene ring then attacks this electrophilic center, resulting in the formation of a new carbon-carbon bond. The major organic product is toluene, which is benzene with a methyl group (CH₃) attached.**Conclusion:**This reaction mechanism demonstrates the electrophilic aromatic substitution typical of Friedel-Crafts alkylation, where the aromatic ring gains an alkyl group through the aid of a Lewis acid catalyst. Understanding this process is essential in organic synthesis for the creation of complex aromatic compounds.

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Predict the major organic product for the following Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction + AlCl3

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

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Concept explainers

Reactions of Ethers

Ethers (R-O-R’) are compounds formed by replacing hydrogen atoms of an alcohol (R-OH compound) or a phenol (C6H5OH) by an aryl/ acyl group (functional group after removing single hydrogen from an aromatic ring). In this section, reaction, preparation and behavior of ethers are discussed in the context of organic chemistry.

Epoxides

Epoxides are a special class of cyclic ethers which are an important functional group in organic chemistry and generate reactive centers due to their unusual high reactivity. Due to their high reactivity, epoxides are considered to be toxic and mutagenic.

Williamson Ether Synthesis

An organic reaction in which an organohalide and a deprotonated alcohol forms ether is known as Williamson ether synthesis. Alexander Williamson developed the Williamson ether synthesis in 1850. The formation of ether in this synthesis is an SN2 reaction.

Question

**Title: Predicting the Major Organic Product in a Friedel-Crafts Alkylation Reaction**

**Introduction to Friedel-Crafts Alkylation:**
Friedel-Crafts alkylation is a chemical reaction used to attach an alkyl group to an aromatic ring, such as benzene. This reaction is facilitated by a Lewis acid catalyst, typically aluminum chloride (AlCl₃).

**Reaction Overview:**
In this example, benzene reacts with a chloromethyl compound (chloromethylbenzene) in the presence of an aluminum chloride catalyst. The structures are shown in the reaction schematic:

- **Benzene**: An aromatic ring with alternating single and double bonds.
- **Chloromethylbenzene**: A benzene ring attached to a chloromethyl group (Cl-CH₂).
- **Catalyst**: Aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) is used to facilitate the reaction.

**Expected Outcome:**
The Lewis acid (AlCl₃) polarizes the C-Cl bond in the chloromethyl compound, making the carbon more electrophilic. The benzene ring then attacks this electrophilic center, resulting in the formation of a new carbon-carbon bond. The major organic product is toluene, which is benzene with a methyl group (CH₃) attached.

**Conclusion:**
This reaction mechanism demonstrates the electrophilic aromatic substitution typical of Friedel-Crafts alkylation, where the aromatic ring gains an alkyl group through the aid of a Lewis acid catalyst. Understanding this process is essential in organic synthesis for the creation of complex aromatic compounds.

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