Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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![### Reaction Mechanism: Predicting the Product
In this exercise, we are to predict the product formed when a given reactant undergoes a chemical reaction. The details of the reaction are as follows:
#### Reaction Conditions:
- **Reactant:** A seven-membered ring structure with a single double bond (cycloheptene).
- **Reagent:** Water (H₂O)
- **Catalyst:** Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)
#### Reaction Scheme:
- **Reactant:**
The chemical structure depicted shows a seven-membered carbon ring (cycloheptene) with a double bond.
- **Reaction:**
The double bond in cycloheptene reacts with water (H₂O) in the presence of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) as a catalyst.
- **Expected Product:**
The product of this addition reaction will generally involve the formation of an alcohol. The double bond will break, and its carbons will bond with a hydroxyl group (-OH) and a hydrogen atom, respectively.
The reaction is typically part of electrophilic addition reactions, where the double bond in the alkene opens up to react with water, forming an alcohol product.
### Visual Explanation:
- **Reactant Structure:**
```
______
/ \
/ \
| |
\ /
\________/
|
```
The hexagon represents the cycloheptene.
- **Reaction Arrow & Reagents:**
```
+ H₂O → [ H₂SO₄ ]
```
- **Product Formation:**
- The product formed will be an alcohol where the -OH group attaches to one of the carbons where the double bond was originally located.
#### Expected Outcome:
- The hydroxyl group will attach to one carbon and a hydrogen atom to the adjacent carbon, resulting in an alcohol.
### Conclusion:
Understanding the reaction mechanism and predicting the products formed is crucial in organic chemistry. In this case, the double bond of cycloheptene reacts with water in the presence of sulfuric acid to form an alcohol. This type of reaction is characteristic of electrophilic additions, where the π electrons of the double bond are used to form new σ bonds with the attacking electrophile, leading to the formation of an alcohol compound.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fcfcc845b-36c3-4587-86f5-d581ad6d0ef3%2F195fb2e9-aabe-4a8b-a936-255fc70f12e5%2Frch9kup.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:### Reaction Mechanism: Predicting the Product
In this exercise, we are to predict the product formed when a given reactant undergoes a chemical reaction. The details of the reaction are as follows:
#### Reaction Conditions:
- **Reactant:** A seven-membered ring structure with a single double bond (cycloheptene).
- **Reagent:** Water (H₂O)
- **Catalyst:** Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)
#### Reaction Scheme:
- **Reactant:**
The chemical structure depicted shows a seven-membered carbon ring (cycloheptene) with a double bond.
- **Reaction:**
The double bond in cycloheptene reacts with water (H₂O) in the presence of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) as a catalyst.
- **Expected Product:**
The product of this addition reaction will generally involve the formation of an alcohol. The double bond will break, and its carbons will bond with a hydroxyl group (-OH) and a hydrogen atom, respectively.
The reaction is typically part of electrophilic addition reactions, where the double bond in the alkene opens up to react with water, forming an alcohol product.
### Visual Explanation:
- **Reactant Structure:**
```
______
/ \
/ \
| |
\ /
\________/
|
```
The hexagon represents the cycloheptene.
- **Reaction Arrow & Reagents:**
```
+ H₂O → [ H₂SO₄ ]
```
- **Product Formation:**
- The product formed will be an alcohol where the -OH group attaches to one of the carbons where the double bond was originally located.
#### Expected Outcome:
- The hydroxyl group will attach to one carbon and a hydrogen atom to the adjacent carbon, resulting in an alcohol.
### Conclusion:
Understanding the reaction mechanism and predicting the products formed is crucial in organic chemistry. In this case, the double bond of cycloheptene reacts with water in the presence of sulfuric acid to form an alcohol. This type of reaction is characteristic of electrophilic additions, where the π electrons of the double bond are used to form new σ bonds with the attacking electrophile, leading to the formation of an alcohol compound.
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