Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Question
The lynx numbers do not always lag behind (see 1875 & 1885 in figure). What is missing from the basic hare -> lynx food chain that could explain this?
Transcribed Image Text:The image presents a graph titled "Predator-prey Dynamics" showing the population fluctuations of hares and lynxes over time. The X-axis represents time in years, ranging from 1845 to 1935, while the Y-axis indicates the number of animals in thousands.
The graph uses two colors to differentiate between the species: red for hares and blue for lynxes.
### Observations:
- **Hare Population (Red):**
- The hare population exhibits significant fluctuations, peaking approximately every 10 years.
- The peaks reach over 100,000 individuals at certain points, notably around the years 1865, 1875, 1885, and 1925.
- **Lynx Population (Blue):**
- The lynx population also shows cyclical patterns, though the peaks follow the rise in the hare population with a slight lag.
- The numbers of lynx generally rise and fall in response to the hare population changes, reflecting their reliance on hares as a primary food source.
### Dynamics:
- The graph visually represents the classic predator-prey relationship. As the number of hares increases, it provides more food for the lynx population to grow.
- However, as lynx numbers rise, they cause a decline in the hare population due to increased predation.
- This is followed by a decline in the lynx population as the available food decreases, allowing the hare population to recover, starting the cycle anew.
This predator-prey cycle is a fundamental concept in ecology, illustrating how populations in an ecosystem can influence each other.
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