States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
♥ Draw Lewis structures for each of the following. Use the DEN and the number of REDs around the
central atom to select the type of bonds, the molecular shape, and type of molecule from the lists.
♥ Do not put covalent bonds between metals and nonmetals
♥ Put brackets around anions to show both charge and quantity.
![7. КЗРОЗ
potassium phosphite
valence e =
shape =
type of bonds =
type of molecule =
8. КН-РОз
potassium dihydrogen phosphite
valence e' =
shape at the P =
type of bonds =
type of molecule =
9. Ca(NO2)2
calcium nitrite
valence e1 for one NO21 =
shape =
type of bonds =
type of molecule =
10. Gaz(SO.);
gallium (III) sulfate
valence e1 for one SO,? =
shape =
type of bonds =
type of molecule =](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F27ed9562-b7f6-478d-91a6-b915d80a80a0%2F43a08189-0005-4394-be3f-baf8cec41c18%2Fevg2i4_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
![Shapes
tetrahedral
pyramidal
bent
trigonal planar
linear
diatomic
monoatomic ions
Bond Types
nonpolar covalent
polar covalent
nonpolar & polar covalent
ionic
ionic & covalent
Type of Molecule
nonpolar
polar
ionic](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F27ed9562-b7f6-478d-91a6-b915d80a80a0%2F43a08189-0005-4394-be3f-baf8cec41c18%2F83jsphc_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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