### Dissolution of Potassium Chloride (KCl) and Equilibrium Analysis**Objective:** Understand the dissolution process of KCl in water and calculate equilibrium constants.**Equilibrium Equation and Ksp Expression for KCl:**When potassium chloride (KCl) dissolves in water, it dissociates into potassium ions (K⁺) and chloride ions (Cl⁻):\[ \text{KCl (s)} \rightleftharpoons \text{K}^+ (aq) + \text{Cl}^- (aq) \]The solubility product \( K_{sp} \) for this equilibrium can be expressed as:\[ K_{sp} = [\text{K}^+][\text{Cl}^-] \]**Data Table:**Complete the table below in your laboratory notebook using provided and calculated values.| Temp (°C) | Ksp | Kelvin | 1/Kelvin | ln Ksp | ΔG (J/mol) ||-----------|------|--------|----------|--------|------------|| 20.0 | 13.3 | | | | || 40.0 | 18.5 | | | | || 60.0 | 24.8 | | | | || 80.0 | 30.5 | | | | |**Instructions:**1. **Convert Temperatures:** Calculate the temperature in Kelvin using the formula: \[ \text{Kelvin} = \text{Celsius} + 273.15 \]2. **Calculate 1/Kelvin:** Find the reciprocal of the Kelvin temperature.3. **Calculate ln Ksp:** Determine the natural logarithm (ln) of each Ksp value.4. **Calculate ΔG (Gibbs Free Energy):** Use the formula: \[ \Delta G = -RT \ln K_{sp} \] where \( R \) is the universal gas constant (8.314 J/mol·K) and \( T \) is the temperature in Kelvin.**Analysis:**Graph and analyze the relationships between temperature, Ksp, and ΔG to understand the thermodynamics of the dissolution process.

KCl dissolves in water to give the cation, K+(aq), and the anion, Cl-(aq).

Potassium chloride (KCI) dissolves in water and goes to equilibrium. Write the equilibrium equation and Ksp expression for KCI Using the values below fill the rest of the table out in your laboratory notebook, Temp ΔG Celcius Ksp Kelvin 1/Kelvin In Ksp (J/mol) 20.0 13.3 40.0 18.5 60.0 24.8 80.0 30.5

Potassium chloride (KCI) dissolves in water and goes to equilibrium. Write the equilibrium equation and Ksp expression for KCI Using the values below fill the rest of the table out in your laboratory notebook, Temp ΔG Celcius Ksp Kelvin 1/Kelvin In Ksp (J/mol) 20.0 13.3 40.0 18.5 60.0 24.8 80.0 30.5

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Question

### Dissolution of Potassium Chloride (KCl) and Equilibrium Analysis

**Objective:**
Understand the dissolution process of KCl in water and calculate equilibrium constants.

**Equilibrium Equation and Ksp Expression for KCl:**
When potassium chloride (KCl) dissolves in water, it dissociates into potassium ions (K⁺) and chloride ions (Cl⁻):
\[ \text{KCl (s)} \rightleftharpoons \text{K}^+ (aq) + \text{Cl}^- (aq) \]

The solubility product \( K_{sp} \) for this equilibrium can be expressed as:
\[ K_{sp} = [\text{K}^+][\text{Cl}^-] \]

**Data Table:**
Complete the table below in your laboratory notebook using provided and calculated values.

| Temp (°C) | Ksp | Kelvin | 1/Kelvin | ln Ksp | ΔG (J/mol) |
|-----------|------|--------|----------|--------|------------|
| 20.0 | 13.3 | | | | |
| 40.0 | 18.5 | | | | |
| 60.0 | 24.8 | | | | |
| 80.0 | 30.5 | | | | |

**Instructions:**
1. **Convert Temperatures:** Calculate the temperature in Kelvin using the formula:
\[ \text{Kelvin} = \text{Celsius} + 273.15 \]
2. **Calculate 1/Kelvin:** Find the reciprocal of the Kelvin temperature.
3. **Calculate ln Ksp:** Determine the natural logarithm (ln) of each Ksp value.
4. **Calculate ΔG (Gibbs Free Energy):** Use the formula:
\[ \Delta G = -RT \ln K_{sp} \]
where \( R \) is the universal gas constant (8.314 J/mol·K) and \( T \) is the temperature in Kelvin.

**Analysis:**
Graph and analyze the relationships between temperature, Ksp, and ΔG to understand the thermodynamics of the dissolution process.

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