Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Please write mechanismS for the following reactions/reaction sequences. Don’t forgot to show formal charge when necessary
![**Educational Content: Reaction Mechanisms**
This document illustrates three specific chemical reactions, focusing on mechanisms and conditions:
1. **Bromination Reaction**
- **Equation**:
\[
\text{(2-methylpropene)} + \text{Br}_2 \xrightarrow{\Delta} \text{2-bromo-2-methylpropane} + \text{HBr}
\]
- **Description**: In this reaction, the alkene 2-methylpropene reacts with bromine (\(\text{Br}_2\)) under heat (\(\Delta\)) to form 2-bromo-2-methylpropane and hydrobromic acid (\(\text{HBr}\)).
2. **Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction**
- **Equation**:
\[
\text{2-bromo-2-methylpropane} + \text{CH}_3\text{OH} \xrightarrow{56^\circ C} \text{2-methoxy-2-methylpropane} + \text{HBr}
\]
- **Description**: This SN1 reaction involves 2-bromo-2-methylpropane reacting with methanol (\(\text{CH}_3\text{OH}\)) at 56°C to yield 2-methoxy-2-methylpropane and hydrobromic acid (\(\text{HBr}\)).
3. **Ether Formation**
- **Equation**:
\[
\text{phenol} \xrightarrow{\text{1) NaH 2) CH}_3\text{I}} \text{anisole (methoxybenzene)}
\]
- **Description**: In this reaction, phenol is deprotonated using sodium hydride (NaH), forming the phenoxide ion. This intermediate then reacts with methyl iodide (\(\text{CH}_3\text{I}\)) to produce anisole.
**Graph/Diagram Explanation**:
- Each equation is written with structural formulas, depicting the layout of atoms and bonds.
- Arrows indicate the transformation from reactants to products, clearly outlining the chemical changes occurring in each reaction.
- Conditions such as temperature and reagents are listed above arrows to specify necessary conditions for each reaction to proceed.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F1bf8ae83-2003-4837-b9fe-b672e6e8d8b8%2F7338fc30-08d9-401f-b6f8-c5e68ee56679%2Funecg8i_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Educational Content: Reaction Mechanisms**
This document illustrates three specific chemical reactions, focusing on mechanisms and conditions:
1. **Bromination Reaction**
- **Equation**:
\[
\text{(2-methylpropene)} + \text{Br}_2 \xrightarrow{\Delta} \text{2-bromo-2-methylpropane} + \text{HBr}
\]
- **Description**: In this reaction, the alkene 2-methylpropene reacts with bromine (\(\text{Br}_2\)) under heat (\(\Delta\)) to form 2-bromo-2-methylpropane and hydrobromic acid (\(\text{HBr}\)).
2. **Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction**
- **Equation**:
\[
\text{2-bromo-2-methylpropane} + \text{CH}_3\text{OH} \xrightarrow{56^\circ C} \text{2-methoxy-2-methylpropane} + \text{HBr}
\]
- **Description**: This SN1 reaction involves 2-bromo-2-methylpropane reacting with methanol (\(\text{CH}_3\text{OH}\)) at 56°C to yield 2-methoxy-2-methylpropane and hydrobromic acid (\(\text{HBr}\)).
3. **Ether Formation**
- **Equation**:
\[
\text{phenol} \xrightarrow{\text{1) NaH 2) CH}_3\text{I}} \text{anisole (methoxybenzene)}
\]
- **Description**: In this reaction, phenol is deprotonated using sodium hydride (NaH), forming the phenoxide ion. This intermediate then reacts with methyl iodide (\(\text{CH}_3\text{I}\)) to produce anisole.
**Graph/Diagram Explanation**:
- Each equation is written with structural formulas, depicting the layout of atoms and bonds.
- Arrows indicate the transformation from reactants to products, clearly outlining the chemical changes occurring in each reaction.
- Conditions such as temperature and reagents are listed above arrows to specify necessary conditions for each reaction to proceed.
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