Please solve the following problem using a game theory. Consider a scenario in which two companies, Company A and Company B, are competing for a government contract to supply a specific product. The government has set a maximum budget for the contract, and both companies want to maximize their profits. However, the government will only award the contract to the company with the lowest bid, and the companies have to submit sealed bids simultaneously. Company A and Company B both have two options: bid high or bid low. If both companies bid low, they will share the contract and split the profits equally. If one company bids low and the other bids high, the company bidding low will win the entire contract and maximize its profits, while the other company will receive nothing. If both companies bid high, neither will win the contract, and they will receive no profits. The profit structure is as follows (in millions of dollars): If both companies bid low: Company A gets $10 million, and Company B gets $10 million. If Company A bids low and Company B bids high: Company A gets $15 million, and Company B gets $0. If Company A bids high and Company B bids low: Company A gets $0, and Company B gets $15 million. If both companies bid high: Company A gets $0, and Company B gets $0.

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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Please solve the following problem using a game theory. Consider a scenario in which two companies, Company A and Company B, are competing for a government contract to supply a specific product. The government has set a maximum budget for the contract, and both companies want to maximize their profits. However, the government will only award the contract to the company with the lowest bid, and the companies have to submit sealed bids simultaneously. Company A and Company B both have two options: bid high or bid low. If both companies bid low, they will share the contract and split the profits equally. If one company bids low and the other bids high, the company bidding low will win the entire contract and maximize its profits, while the other company will receive nothing. If both companies bid high, neither will win the contract, and they will receive no profits. The profit structure is as follows (in millions of dollars): If both companies bid low: Company A gets $10 million, and Company B gets $10 million. If Company A bids low and Company B bids high: Company A gets $15 million, and Company B gets $0. If Company A bids high and Company B bids low: Company A gets $0, and Company B gets $15 million. If both companies bid high: Company A gets $0, and Company B gets $0.

Definition Definition Economic decision-making framework that analyzes how different players optimize their outcomes with given pay-offs corresponding to their available strategies. The assumptions of game theory are: The number of players or competitors are finite/limited; All participants are rational The rules of the game are known to every player; and Each participant has a finite set of actions. A common way in which game theory is presented as an ( m x n ) matrix in which m represents the strategies of row player and n represents the strategies of column player. There are several limitations of game theory: Many businesses have a large number of competitors, and selecting an optimal strategy in these circumstances is difficult; Real-life business operating environments are full of uncertainty and difficult to model as a game theory; and The assumption of rationality and utility maximization isn't always an accurate portrayal of human nature.

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