please implement two functions the code #include #include #include struct Node{int data;struct Node* npx;};struct Node* XOR (struct Node *a, struct Node *b){return (struct Node*) ((uintptr_t) (a) (uintptr_t) (b));void insertNode(struct Node **headPtr, int data){// Allocate memory for new node/* Since new node is being inserted at the begining, npx of new node will alwaysbe XOR of current head and NULL *//* If linked list is not empty, then npx of current head node will be XORof new node and node next to current head */// Change head//FILL THIS FUNCTION}void forwardTraverse (struct Node *headPtr){//FILL THIS FUNCTION - Bitwise XOR Linked List (XOR LL)In this question, you are asked to write two functions: insertNode and forwardTraverse, for an XOR linkedlist, a.k.a, memory efficient doubly linked list (DLL) in C PL. Ordinary DLLS requires space for two addresses(one pointing to previous node and one to next node). However, XOR LLS use bitwise XOR operation tosave space for one address. Consider the below ordinary DLL.startPtrnextPtrnull AD nullBprevPtrIf you consider node B, prevPtr keeps the address of A, nextPtr keeps the address of C. Node A'a prevPtrand node D's nextPtr keep NULL.Now, let's name the address variable as npxor.For node A, npxor =0 XOR (address of B)For node B, npxor = (address of A) XOR (address of C)and so on.Now remember bitwise XOR table:bit ba XOR bbit a11111Forward Traversal of XOR LL: While traversing the list we need to remember the address of the previouslyaccessed node in order to calculate the next node's address.Remember this simple logic, e.g. for node C:(address of B) XOR (npxor of C) = (address of D).The reason is:(address of B) XOR (address of D) = (npxor of C)(npxor of C) XOR (address of B) = (address of B) XOR (address of D) XxOR (address of B)= (address of D) XOR O = (address of D)Node Insertion into XXOR LL: Insert the node in the beginning. As you remember from the course, thehead pointer should be manipulatable.Given the related helper functions and node struct, fill the two empty functions.

The below is the code to implement doubly linked list without storing two addresses but instead…

Answered: please implement two functions the

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please implement two functions the

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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Question

please implement two functions the code

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
struct Node
{
int data;
struct Node* npx;
};
struct Node* XOR (struct Node *a, struct Node *b)
{
return (struct Node*) ((uintptr_t) (a) (uintptr_t) (b));
void insertNode(struct Node **headPtr, int data)
{
// Allocate memory for new node
/* Since new node is being inserted at the begining, npx of new node will always
be XOR of current head and NULL */
/* If linked list is not empty, then npx of current head node will be XOR
of new node and node next to current head */
// Change head
//FILL THIS FUNCTION
}
void forwardTraverse (struct Node *headPtr)
{
//FILL THIS FUNCTION

- Bitwise XOR Linked List (XOR LL)
In this question, you are asked to write two functions: insertNode and forwardTraverse, for an XOR linked
list, a.k.a, memory efficient doubly linked list (DLL) in C PL. Ordinary DLLS requires space for two addresses
(one pointing to previous node and one to next node). However, XOR LLS use bitwise XOR operation to
save space for one address. Consider the below ordinary DLL.
startPtr
nextPtr
null A
D null
B
prevPtr
If you consider node B, prevPtr keeps the address of A, nextPtr keeps the address of C. Node A'a prevPtr
and node D's nextPtr keep NULL.
Now, let's name the address variable as npxor.
For node A, npxor =0 XOR (address of B)
For node B, npxor = (address of A) XOR (address of C)
and so on.
Now remember bitwise XOR table:
bit b
a XOR b
bit a
1
1
1
1
1
Forward Traversal of XOR LL: While traversing the list we need to remember the address of the previously
accessed node in order to calculate the next node's address.
Remember this simple logic, e.g. for node C:
(address of B) XOR (npxor of C) = (address of D).
The reason is:
(address of B) XOR (address of D) = (npxor of C)
(npxor of C) XOR (address of B) = (address of B) XOR (address of D) XxOR (address of B)
= (address of D) XOR O = (address of D)
Node Insertion into XXOR LL: Insert the node in the beginning. As you remember from the course, the
head pointer should be manipulatable.
Given the related helper functions and node struct, fill the two empty functions.

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