Plastic additives known as phthalates are odorless, colorless, and everywhere-in flooring, plastic cups, beach balls, plastic wrap, IV tubing-and yes, they've made their way into our bodies. If this sounds like the opening for an alien horror movie, the story actually gets worse. Study after study shows that phthalates have nasty effects on the human body, disrupting our metabolic and hormonal activity. Even families that were given local, fresh, organic food that was not prepared, cooked, or stored in plastic containers ended up with high levels of phthalates and BPA in their diet because these chemicals had already made their way into the food ingredients prior to cooking. 1. What are some serious metabolic and hormonal disorders that phthalates are responsible for? 2. Why Bisphenol A, also known as BPA is considered another endocrine-disrupting chemical? What does it cause? 3. BPA is replaced by BPS; is the latest safe, or the industry is replacing a toxic chemical with another, yet untested chemical? Now that you have read this information, how do you intend to limit your exposure to phthalates and BPA? 4.
Bacterial Genomics
The study of the morphological, physiological, and evolutionary aspects of the bacterial genome is referred to as bacterial genomics. This subdisciplinary field aids in understanding how genes are assembled into genomes. Further, bacterial or microbial genomics has helped researchers in understanding the pathogenicity of bacteria and other microbes.
Transformation Experiment in Bacteria
In the discovery of genetic material, the experiment conducted by Frederick Griffith on Streptococcus pneumonia proved to be a stepping stone.
Plasmids and Vectors
The DNA molecule that exists in a circular shape and is smaller in size which is capable of its replication is called Plasmids. In other words, it is called extra-chromosomal plasmid DNA. Vectors are the molecule which is capable of carrying genetic material which can be transferred into another cell and further carry out replication and expression. Plasmids can act as vectors.
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