per cent of maximum capacity) Amount per month (€000) 632 648 656 50-75 76-90 91-100 ction overhead incurred was as budgeted. tion is as follows:e September 87.000 115,000 Octobere 101,000- 78,000
Master Budget
A master budget can be defined as an estimation of the revenue earned or expenses incurred over a specified period of time in the future and it is generally prepared on a periodic basis which can be either monthly, quarterly, half-yearly, or annually. It helps a business, an organization, or even an individual to manage the money effectively. A budget also helps in monitoring the performance of the people in the organization and helps in better decision-making.
Sales Budget and Selling
A budget is a financial plan designed by an undertaking for a definite period in future which acts as a major contributor towards enhancing the financial success of the business undertaking. The budget generally takes into account both current and future income and expenses.
![Activity level (per cent of maximum capacity)
Amount per month (€000)
632
648
656
50-75
76-90
91-100
Actual fixed production overhead incurred was as budgeted. e
Additional information is as follows:
September
87.000
115,000
€ 32
€120,000
€80,000
Octobere
101,000-
78,000
€ 32e
€120,000-
€80,000-
Gross sold
Gross produced
Sales price, per gross
Fixed selling costs
Fixed administrative costs
There were no finished goods in stock on September 1.
Instructionse
1. Prepare monthly profit statements for September and October usinge
A. Absorption costing (20%)-
B. Marginal costing (20%)-
2. Comment briefly on the accountant's three reasons that he listed to support his
proposal. (10%)e](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F7304c061-17c3-44e4-ad54-e7e765543353%2Ff055d00d-9609-4fc5-824f-a6e1a0b6b79d%2Fhm35u8q_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
![I.
O'Toole Glassworks, Co. in Dublin, Ireland, is a manufacturer of glass bottles. The
company has been affected by competition from plastic bottles and is currently operating
at between 65 and 70 percent of maximum capacity. The company at present reports
profits on an absorption costing basis but with the high fixed costs associated with the
glass container industry and a substantial difference between sales volumes and
production in some months, the accountant has been criticized for reporting widely
different profits from month to month. To counteract this criticism, he is proposing in
future to report profits based on marginal costing and in his proposal to management
lists the following reasons for wishing to change (currency in Euro, €):
A. Marginal costing provides for the complete segregation of fixed costs, thus
facilitating closer control of production costs."
B. It eliminates the distortion of interim profit statements which occur when there are
seasonal fluctuations in sales volume although production is at a fairly constant
level.-
C. It results in cost information which is more helpful in determining the sales policy
necessary to maximize profits. e
From the accounting records, the following figures were extracted: Standard cost per
gross (a gross is 144 bottles and is the cost unit used within the business):
Direct materials
€ 8.00
Direct labor
7.20
Variable production overhead
Total variable production cost
Fixed production overhead
Total production standard cost
3.36
18.56e
7.52*
€26.08-
* The fixed production overhead rate was based on the following computations: e
Total annual fixed production overhead was budgeted at €7,584,000 or €632 000 per
month. Production volume was set at 1,008,000 gross bottles or 70 percent of
maximum capacity.
食
There is a slight difference in budgeted fixed production overhead at different levels of
operating:
Activity level (per cent of maximum capacity)
Amount per month (€000)<
50-75
76-90
91-100
656
Actual fixed production overhead incurred was as budgeted. e](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F7304c061-17c3-44e4-ad54-e7e765543353%2Ff055d00d-9609-4fc5-824f-a6e1a0b6b79d%2Foz15zlrl_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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