Part II. Entropy Before you start the following exercises - please watch the Topic 10 videos! The more "mixed up" things are (the more the disorder is observed in the system), the higher the entropy. Entropy and disorder are closely related. As disorder increases, entropy increases. For example, consider your sock drawer. If all the socks are paired, the entropy is relatively low, but if the socks are all mixed up, the entropy is much higher (unless all your socks are all similar ☺). If there are many ways to arrange the particles in the system, then there is greater disorder. Systems with greater disorder have greater entropy. In this part of the workshop we will practice to predict the sign of the entropy change for a chemical reaction. We then use the Thermo Tables to calculate for three reactions AS, ASsurr, and ASuniverse and then use the 2nd law of thermo to predict if any of these reactions are spontaneous under standard conditions. 1. Consider the following reactions. Use your intuition to complete the table below Reaction Cl₂(g) = 2C1(g) H₂O(g) ¹/2 O2(g) + H₂(g) Ag+ (aq) + Cl(aq) = AgCl(s) Reaction Cl₂(g) = 2Cl(g) 2. Now use the table of thermodynamic functions to compute the AHO and AS for the reactions in #1. Then using AHO and AS0 and your knowledge of the second law, compute which reactions are spontaneous under standard conditions. H2O(g)/2 O2(g) + H₂(g) Ag (aq) + Cl(aq) = AgCl(s) Does disorder increase or decrease? AH Does entropy of the system, AS change? How? AS If entropy of the system changes, what is the sign of AS? AS universe Spontaneous?
Part II. Entropy Before you start the following exercises - please watch the Topic 10 videos! The more "mixed up" things are (the more the disorder is observed in the system), the higher the entropy. Entropy and disorder are closely related. As disorder increases, entropy increases. For example, consider your sock drawer. If all the socks are paired, the entropy is relatively low, but if the socks are all mixed up, the entropy is much higher (unless all your socks are all similar ☺). If there are many ways to arrange the particles in the system, then there is greater disorder. Systems with greater disorder have greater entropy. In this part of the workshop we will practice to predict the sign of the entropy change for a chemical reaction. We then use the Thermo Tables to calculate for three reactions AS, ASsurr, and ASuniverse and then use the 2nd law of thermo to predict if any of these reactions are spontaneous under standard conditions. 1. Consider the following reactions. Use your intuition to complete the table below Reaction Cl₂(g) = 2C1(g) H₂O(g) ¹/2 O2(g) + H₂(g) Ag+ (aq) + Cl(aq) = AgCl(s) Reaction Cl₂(g) = 2Cl(g) 2. Now use the table of thermodynamic functions to compute the AHO and AS for the reactions in #1. Then using AHO and AS0 and your knowledge of the second law, compute which reactions are spontaneous under standard conditions. H2O(g)/2 O2(g) + H₂(g) Ag (aq) + Cl(aq) = AgCl(s) Does disorder increase or decrease? AH Does entropy of the system, AS change? How? AS If entropy of the system changes, what is the sign of AS? AS universe Spontaneous?
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:General Chemistry II
Part II. Entropy
Before you start the following exercises - please watch the Topic 10 videos!
The more "mixed up" things are (the more the disorder is observed in the system), the higher the
entropy. Entropy and disorder are closely related. As disorder increases, entropy increases. For
example, consider your sock drawer. If all the socks are paired, the entropy is relatively low, but
if the socks are all mixed up, the entropy is much higher (unless all your socks are all similar ☺).
If there are many ways to arrange the particles in the system, then there is greater disorder.
Systems with greater disorder have greater entropy. In this part of the workshop we will practice
to predict the sign of the entropy change for a chemical reaction. We then use the Thermo Tables
to calculate for three reactions AS, ASsurr, and ASuniverse and then use the 2nd law of thermo to
predict if any of these reactions are spontaneous under standard conditions.
1. Consider the following reactions. Use your intuition to complete the table below
Reaction
Cl₂(g) = 2C1(g)
H₂O(g) ¹/2 O2(g) + H₂(g)
Ag+ (aq) + Cl(aq) = AgCl(s)
Reaction
Cl₂(g) → 2Cl(g)
2. Now use the table of thermodynamic functions to compute the AHO and AS for the reactions
in #1. Then using AH° and AS° and your knowledge of the second law, compute which
reactions are spontaneous under standard conditions.
H₂O(g) 2 O2(g) + H₂(g)
Ag (aq) + Cl(aq) = AgCl(s)
Does disorder
increase or
decrease?
ΔΗ
Does entropy of
the system, AS
change? How?
AS
If entropy of the
system changes, what
is the sign of AS?
AS universe
Spontaneous?
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