## Base/Acid Ratios in Buffers### Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation**pH and pK Definitions:**- Just as **pH** is the negative logarithm of \([H_3O^+]\), **pK\(_a\)** is the negative logarithm of \(K_a\).\[pK_a = -\log K_a\]- The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is used to calculate the **pH** of buffer solutions:\[\text{pH} = \text{pK}_a + \log \left(\frac{[\text{base}]}{[\text{acid}]}\right)\]- Notice that the **pH** of a buffer has a value close to the **pK\(_a\)** of the acid, differing only by the logarithm of the concentration ratio \([\text{base}]/[\text{acid}]\).- The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation in terms of **pOH** and **pK\(_b\)** is similar:\[\text{pOH} = \text{pK}_b + \log \left(\frac{[\text{acid}]}{[\text{base}]}\right)\]### Diagram ExplanationThere is an image showing three boxes, each representing a different pH value scenario, with corresponding buffer component information:1. **pH = 3.74** - Indicates that \([acetic \text{ } acid]\) is ten times greater than \([acetate]\).2. **pH = 4.74** - Indicates that \([acetate] = [acetic \text{ } acid]\).3. **pH = 5.74** - Indicates that \([acetate]\) is ten times greater than \([acetic \text{ } acid]\).### Part B**Problem Statement:**- How many grams of dry \(NH_4Cl\) need to be added to 2.00 L of a 0.100 M solution of ammonia, \(NH_3\), to prepare a buffer solution that has a **pH** of 8.85? \(K_b\) for ammonia is \(1.8 \times 10^{-5}\).- Express your answer with the appropriate units.\( \

Answered: Image /qna-images/answer/76c21ffd-2f7b-4454-93c3-eb102e59c312.jpg

Part B How many grams of dry NH,CI need to be added to 2.00 L of a 0.100 M solution of ammonia, NH3. to prepare a buffer solution that has a pH of 8.85? Kb for ammonia is 1.8 x 10 Express your answer with the appropriate units. ▸ View Available Hint(s)

Part B How many grams of dry NH,CI need to be added to 2.00 L of a 0.100 M solution of ammonia, NH3. to prepare a buffer solution that has a pH of 8.85? Kb for ammonia is 1.8 x 10 Express your answer with the appropriate units. ▸ View Available Hint(s)

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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