Overhead Variances, Four-Variance Analysis Oerstman, Inc., uses a standard costing system and develops its overhead rates from the current annual budget. The budget is based on an expected annual output of 121,000 units requiring 484,000 direct labor hours. (Practical capacity is 504,0 hours.) Annual budgeted overhead costs total $798,600, of which $571,120 is fixed overhead. A total of 119,300 units using 482,000 direct labor hours were produced during the year. Actual variable overhead costs for the year were $261,500, ar actual fixed overhead costs were $555,150. Required: 1. Compute the fixed overhead spending and volume variances. Fixed Overhead Spending Variance Favorable Fixed Overhead Volume Variance Unfavorable 2. Compute the variable overhead spending and efficiency variances. Do not round intermediate calculations Variable Overhead Spending Variance Unfavorable Variable Overhead Efficiency Variance Unfavorable V

Nashler Company has the following budgeted variable costs per unit produced: Budgeted fixed overhead costs per month include supervision of 98,000, depreciation of 76,000, and other overhead of 245,000. Required: 1. Prepare a flexible budget for all costs of production for the following levels of production: 160,000 units, 170,000 units, and 175,000 units. 2. What is the per-unit total product cost for each of the production levels from Requirement 1? (Round each unit cost to the nearest cent.) 3. What if Nashler Companys cost of maintenance rose to 0.22 per unit? How would that affect the unit product costs calculated in Requirement 2?

USD Inc. has established the following standard cost per unit: Although 10,000 units were budgeted, 12,000 units were produced. The Purchasing department bought 50,000 lb of materials at a cost of $237,500. Actual pounds of materials used were 46,000. Direct labor cost was $287,500 for 25,000 hours worked. Required: Make journal entries to record the materials transactions, assuming that the materials price variance was recorded at the time of purchase. Make journal entries to record the labor variances.

Kavallia Company set a standard cost for one item at 328,000; allowable deviation is 14,500. Actual costs for the past six months are as follows: Required: 1. Calculate the variance from standard for each month. Which months should be investigated? 2. What if the company uses a two-part rule for investigating variances? The allowable deviation is the lesser of 4 percent of the standard amount or 14,500. Now which months should be investigated?

Refer to Cornerstone Exercise 8.13. In March, Nashler Company produced 163,200 units and had the following actual costs: Required: 1. Prepare a performance report for Nashler Company comparing actual costs with the flexible budget for actual units produced. 2. What if Nashler Companys actual direct materials cost were 1,175,040? How would that affect the variance for direct materials? The total cost variance?

Direct materials and direct labor variance analysis Lenni Clothing Co. manufactures clothing in a small manufacturing facility. Manufacturing has 25 employees. Each employee presently provides 40 hours of productive labor per week. Information about a production week is as follows: Instructions Determine (A) the standard cost per unit for direct materials and direct labor; (B) the price variance, quantity variance, and total direct materials cost variance; and (C) the rate variance, time variance, and total direct labor cost variance.

Case made 24,500 units during June, using 32,000 direct labor hours. They expected to use 31,450 hours per the standard cost card. Their employees were paid $15.75 per hour for the month of June. The standard cost card uses $15.50 as the standard hourly rate. A. Compute the direct labor rate and time variances for the month of June, and also calculate the total direct labor variance. B. If the standard rate per hour was $16.00, what would change?

The standard specifications for an electric motor manufactured by XYZ Electric Co. follow: Factory overhead rates are based on a normal 70% capacity and use the following flexible budget: The actual production was 2,500 motors, and factory overhead costs totaled $29,750. Required: Calculate the factory overhead variances using the two-variance method and the diagram format.

Use the following information to complete Brief Exercises 10-25 and 10-26: Tico Inc. produces plastic bottles. Each bottle has a standard labor requirement of 0.03 hour. During the month of April, 900,000 bottles were produced using 25,200 labor hours @ 15.00. The standard wage rate is 13.50 per hour. 10-26 Labor Rate and Efficiency Variances Refer to the information above for Tico Inc. on the previous page Required: Calculate the labor rate and efficiency variances using the columnar and formula approaches.

Refer to the data in Exercise 9.15. Required: 1. Compute overhead variances using a two-variance analysis. 2. Compute overhead variances using a three-variance analysis. 3. Illustrate how the two- and three-variance analyses are related to the four-variance analysis. Oerstman, Inc., uses a standard costing system and develops its overhead rates from the current annual budget. The budget is based on an expected annual output of 120,000 units requiring 480,000 direct labor hours. (Practical capacity is 500,000 hours.) Annual budgeted overhead costs total 787,200, of which 556,800 is fixed overhead. A total of 119,400 units using 478,000 direct labor hours were produced during the year. Actual variable overhead costs for the year were 230,600, and actual fixed overhead costs were 556,250. Required: 1. Compute the fixed overhead spending and volume variances. How would you interpret the spending variance? Discuss the possible interpretations of the volume variance. Which is most appropriate for this example? 2. Compute the variable overhead spending and efficiency variances. How is the variable overhead spending variance like the price variances of direct labor and direct materials? How is it different? How is the variable overhead efficiency variance related to the direct labor efficiency variance?