Over the past 250 years, the average upper-ocean pH near the Pacific Northwest has decreased by about 0.1 units, from about 8.2 to 8.1. This drop in pH corresponds to an increase in acidity of about 30%. When CO2 levels in seawater rise, the availability of carbonate ion, CO32−, This makes it more difficult for marine organisms to build and maintain shells and other body parts from calcium carbonate.Calculate H3O+ and OH− concentrations at pH levels of 8.2 and 8.1.Demonstrate by calculations that this decrease in pH corresponds to an increase in acidity of about 30%.Explain the relationship between the pH of seawater and the availability of carbonate ion. Does the change in pH from 8.2 to 8.1 result in an increase or decrease in the availability of carbonate ion?

a) Calculation of [H+] and [OH-] at pH= 8.1: pH=-log[H+]8.1=-log[H+][H+]=10-8.1[H+]=7.94×10-9…

Answered: Over the past 250 years, the average…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Over the past 250 years, the average upper-ocean pH near the Pacific Northwest has decreased by about 0.1 units, from about 8.2 to 8.1. This drop in pH corresponds to an increase in acidity of about 30%. When CO₂ levels in seawater rise, the availability of carbonate ion, CO₃²⁻, This makes it more difficult for marine organisms to build and maintain shells and other body parts from calcium carbonate.
- Calculate H₃O⁺ and OH⁻ concentrations at pH levels of 8.2 and 8.1.
- Demonstrate by calculations that this decrease in pH corresponds to an increase in acidity of about 30%.
- Explain the relationship between the pH of seawater and the availability of carbonate ion. Does the change in pH from 8.2 to 8.1 result in an increase or decrease in the availability of carbonate ion?

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