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Only #4

Only #4

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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a termperadree of liquid changcs into steam. Liquid bofls atmospheric" pressure. 6. when becauuse Be camde gubetanere tenol to decomoe if headed. for any length oftime normal brorling poirts o Dispose of waste chemicals in labeled waste containers provided in the laboratory. C. Prelab Questions Piuep X neipt 1. Calculate the vapor pressure at 80°C of a mixture of 35 mol % hexane and 65 mol % heptane. lo62 Co3s) 十 +26 Co4s)=D342 +320 = 2. Calculate the mole fraction of each compound in the vapor in equilibrium with the mix- ture in (1). x' heax = 372 1692 = o. S38 = 3 20 63 2 = z9+ -o = 4-6 to 3. If a simple distillation were to be performed on this mixture (from Question 1), what would be the composition of the initial distillate? 54 %. henane & 46 o9o heptare 4. Suppose the mixture were to be distilled using a very efficient fractional distillation col- umn. What would the composition of the initial distillate be? 3. Why do we add boiling stones to the boiling flask to be used in a distillation? To prevent irrogulase kreduce chance of buping Surfacc of stone tha 6. In your own words, define "boiling point" and explain why a liquid boils. 7. Why do we observe "low" boiling points in our laboratories? efifectively initiate bubble formation 8. Why would it be dangerous to heat a liquid in a distilling apparatus which had no vent or opening to the laboratory? t うms e potentially burst. D. Postlab Questions 1. Why does the boiling point rise continuously throughout the distillation? 2. At what stages of the distillation were the changes of boiling point the greatest? 3. What could you do to increase the amount of propyl acetate collected by distillation? 4. Consider the samples in vials 2, 3, and 4. Judging by the appearance of your boiling point curve, which sample appears to be most nearly pure (one component)? Which appears to be least pure? 5. Plot both simple and fractional distillation curves on the same graph and compare the results. Indicate which is your data and which is your partner's data. What do you conclude conceming the effectiveness of using a distilling column? geC noito 55
Transcribed Image Text:a termperadree of liquid changcs into steam. Liquid bofls atmospheric" pressure. 6. when becauuse Be camde gubetanere tenol to decomoe if headed. for any length oftime normal brorling poirts o Dispose of waste chemicals in labeled waste containers provided in the laboratory. C. Prelab Questions Piuep X neipt 1. Calculate the vapor pressure at 80°C of a mixture of 35 mol % hexane and 65 mol % heptane. lo62 Co3s) 十 +26 Co4s)=D342 +320 = 2. Calculate the mole fraction of each compound in the vapor in equilibrium with the mix- ture in (1). x' heax = 372 1692 = o. S38 = 3 20 63 2 = z9+ -o = 4-6 to 3. If a simple distillation were to be performed on this mixture (from Question 1), what would be the composition of the initial distillate? 54 %. henane & 46 o9o heptare 4. Suppose the mixture were to be distilled using a very efficient fractional distillation col- umn. What would the composition of the initial distillate be? 3. Why do we add boiling stones to the boiling flask to be used in a distillation? To prevent irrogulase kreduce chance of buping Surfacc of stone tha 6. In your own words, define "boiling point" and explain why a liquid boils. 7. Why do we observe "low" boiling points in our laboratories? efifectively initiate bubble formation 8. Why would it be dangerous to heat a liquid in a distilling apparatus which had no vent or opening to the laboratory? t うms e potentially burst. D. Postlab Questions 1. Why does the boiling point rise continuously throughout the distillation? 2. At what stages of the distillation were the changes of boiling point the greatest? 3. What could you do to increase the amount of propyl acetate collected by distillation? 4. Consider the samples in vials 2, 3, and 4. Judging by the appearance of your boiling point curve, which sample appears to be most nearly pure (one component)? Which appears to be least pure? 5. Plot both simple and fractional distillation curves on the same graph and compare the results. Indicate which is your data and which is your partner's data. What do you conclude conceming the effectiveness of using a distilling column? geC noito 55
Expert Solution
Step 1

The mixture at 80 °C, contains 35 mol% hexane and 65 mol% heptane. Let the mixture contains a total of 100 moles. Then, number of moles of hexane is 35 and number of moles of heptane is 65.

Calculate the mole fraction of hexane and heptane as follows:

 Mole fraction of hexane( Xhexane)=  moles of hexane/total moles

Mole fraction of hexane( Xhexane)=  35/100 = 0.35 

Mole fraction of heptane ( Xheptane) moles of heptane /Total moles

Mole fraction of heptane (Xheptane ) = 65/100 = 0.65

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