One program to help people stop smoking cigarettes uses the method of posthypnotic suggestion to remind subjects to avoid smoking. A random sample of 18 subjects agreed to test the program. All subjects counted the number of cigarettes they usually smoke a day; then they counted the number of cigarettes smoked the day after hypnosis. (Note: It usually takes several weeks for the subject to stop smoking completely, and the method does not work for everyone.) The results follow.   Cigarettes Smoked per Day   Cigarettes Smoked per Day Subject After Hypnosis Before Hypnosis Subject After Hypnosis Before Hypnosis 1 29 21 10 8 14 2 18 32 11 14 39 3 5 18 12 28 47 4 25 23 13 35 22 5 32 23 14 13 39 6 11 41 15 2 16 7 2 11 16 12 34 8 11 16 17 7 21 9 7 29 18 13 29 Using a 10% level of significance, test the claim that the number of cigarettes smoked per day was less after hypnosis. (a) What is the level of significance? (b) Compute the sample test statistic. (Use 2 decimal places.) (c) Find the P-value of the sample test statistic. (Use 4 decimal places.)

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One program to help people stop smoking cigarettes uses the method of posthypnotic suggestion to remind subjects to avoid smoking. A random sample of 18 subjects agreed to test the program. All subjects counted the number of cigarettes they usually smoke a day; then they counted the number of cigarettes smoked the day after hypnosis. (Note: It usually takes several weeks for the subject to stop smoking completely, and the method does not work for everyone.) The results follow.

  Cigarettes
Smoked per Day
  Cigarettes
Smoked per Day
Subject After
Hypnosis
Before
Hypnosis
Subject After
Hypnosis
Before
Hypnosis
1 29 21 10 8 14
2 18 32 11 14 39
3 5 18 12 28 47
4 25 23 13 35 22
5 32 23 14 13 39
6 11 41 15 2 16
7 2 11 16 12 34
8 11 16 17 7 21
9 7 29 18 13 29

Using a 10% level of significance, test the claim that the number of cigarettes smoked per day was less after hypnosis.

(a) What is the level of significance?
(b) Compute the sample test statistic. (Use 2 decimal places.)
(c) Find the P-value of the sample test statistic. (Use 4 decimal places.)
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