One first class lever system involves the extensor muscle, which exerts a force M to hold the head erect: the force W of the weight of the head, located at its center of gravity, lies forward of the force F exerted by the first cervical vertebra. the head has a mass of about 4 kg or is about 40N. a. Find F and M. b.If the area of the first cervical vertebra, which the head rests on ,is 5 cm2, find the stress on it.
Viscosity
The measure of the resistance of a fluid to flow is known as viscosity. Most fluids have some resistance to motion, the resistance provided by the fluid is called viscosity. This resistance is created by the force of attraction between the fluid molecules. If you pour water through a funnel, it flows easily and quickly, because it has very little resistance. But if you pour honey through a funnel, it may take a little time longer, as the density of honey is high.
Poiseuille's Law
The law of Poiseuille or Poiseuille's equation states that the pressure drop of an incompressible fluid especially a liquid in a laminar flow that passes through a cylindrical tube of length L, radius r, pressure gradient ΔP, and mainly depends on the viscosity of the fluid is nothing but the pressure difference of the layers of fluids. ΔP=P1-P2
Drag Forces
Forces that occur due to the movement of fluid are known as fluid mechanics. Following are the fluids present:
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