**Curved Arrows and Reaction Mechanisms**In this exercise, you are required to provide the curved arrows on the left-hand side (reactants) of the chemical reactions to demonstrate the electron flow necessary to form the products shown.**Diagrams:**1. **Reaction a:** - **Reactants:** - A formic acid molecule (HCOOH) interacts with carbon dioxide (CO₂). - **Products:** - A new molecule with two formic acid units connected (OC-OCOOH⁻). *Exercise:* Draw curved arrows to represent the movement of electrons that result in the formation of the bond between the two oxygen atoms in the product.2. **Reaction b:** - **Reactants:** - Formic acid (HCOOH) combines with a carbonic acid (H₂CO₃) molecule. - **Products:** - A conjugate base of formic acid (HCOO⁻) and a formate ester (CH₃O²COOH). *Exercise:* Indicate how electrons shift in the reactants to yield the ester linkage seen in the product.3. **Reaction c:** - **Reactants:** - Formic acid (HCOOH) is shown interacting with a methoxide ion (CH₃O⁻). - **Products:** - A formation of methanol (CH₃OH) and a formate ion (HCOO⁻). *Exercise:* Use curved arrows to display the electron flow that leads to the creation of methanol and the formate ion.**Instructions:**- Use established formalism to illustrate electron pair displacements.- Ensure each reaction mechanism includes all relevant structures and intermediates.- This exercise helps in understanding nucleophilic substitutions and additions, critical concepts in organic chemistry.Study and practice these mechanisms to enhance your comprehension of reaction dynamics and electron movement.

Answered: Image /qna-images/answer/eab73212-dfdf-4cae-b901-b96dac41efda.jpg

On the left-hand (reactants) side of the reaction, provide the curved arrows (using the formalism you’ve learned in this course) necessary to form the products shown. d a. H-Ö: - H-O: H-ö H. b. -H-Ö: + :0-CH3 -CH3 H-Ö-)-H Ö-CH, - :0-CH3

On the left-hand (reactants) side of the reaction, provide the curved arrows (using the formalism you’ve learned in this course) necessary to form the products shown. d a. H-Ö: - H-O: H-ö H. b. -H-Ö: + :0-CH3 -CH3 H-Ö-)-H Ö-CH, - :0-CH3

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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