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On Figure 2, which principle allows you to say whether B is younger or older than D? On Figure 2, "A" represents an igneous rock. All other rocks are sedimentary. O Cross-cutting relationships O Superposition O Inclusions O Intrusions B O Original horizontality C D C B E

On Figure 2, which principle allows you to say whether B is younger or older than D? On Figure 2, "A" represents an igneous rock. All other rocks are sedimentary. O Cross-cutting relationships O Superposition O Inclusions O Intrusions B O Original horizontality C D C B E

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
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**Text Transcription for Educational Website:** ### Understanding Rock Relationships Through Geological Principles --- **Question:** On Figure 2, which principle allows you to say whether B is younger or older than D? **Diagram Description:** Figure 2 is a cross-sectional diagram that illustrates layers of different rock types and their interactions. - There is a labeled section "A", which represents an igneous rock intrusion. - The surrounding layers, labeled "B", "C", "D", and "E", are sedimentary rocks. Layer "A" is depicted as a vertical intrusion cutting through horizontal layers "B", "D", and other sections of sedimentary rock. Layer "D" is shown as a fault line or unconformity intersecting multiple sedimentary layers. **Diagram Details:** 1. **A:** Igneous rock intrusion that cuts through sedimentary layers, indicating relative ages. 2. **B:** Sedimentary layer intersected by igneous intrusion A. 3. **C:** Horizontal sedimentary deposits above layer D. 4. **D:** A slanted fault line crossing sedimentary layers. 5. **E:** Bottommost layer of sediment, under the cut of A. **Explanation:** The principle that helps determine the relative ages of rock layers B and D is called the **Cross-Cutting Relationship**. This principle states that any geological feature (such as a fault or intrusion) that cuts across another feature must be younger than the feature it cuts through. **Answer Options:** - Cross-cutting relationships (Correct Answer) - Superposition - Inclusions - Intrusions - Original horizontality --- Ensure students understand that the cross-cutting relationships principle is vital in geological dating, helping geologists determine the relative ages of rock formations.
Transcribed Image Text:**Text Transcription for Educational Website:** ### Understanding Rock Relationships Through Geological Principles --- **Question:** On Figure 2, which principle allows you to say whether B is younger or older than D? **Diagram Description:** Figure 2 is a cross-sectional diagram that illustrates layers of different rock types and their interactions. - There is a labeled section "A", which represents an igneous rock intrusion. - The surrounding layers, labeled "B", "C", "D", and "E", are sedimentary rocks. Layer "A" is depicted as a vertical intrusion cutting through horizontal layers "B", "D", and other sections of sedimentary rock. Layer "D" is shown as a fault line or unconformity intersecting multiple sedimentary layers. **Diagram Details:** 1. **A:** Igneous rock intrusion that cuts through sedimentary layers, indicating relative ages. 2. **B:** Sedimentary layer intersected by igneous intrusion A. 3. **C:** Horizontal sedimentary deposits above layer D. 4. **D:** A slanted fault line crossing sedimentary layers. 5. **E:** Bottommost layer of sediment, under the cut of A. **Explanation:** The principle that helps determine the relative ages of rock layers B and D is called the **Cross-Cutting Relationship**. This principle states that any geological feature (such as a fault or intrusion) that cuts across another feature must be younger than the feature it cuts through. **Answer Options:** - Cross-cutting relationships (Correct Answer) - Superposition - Inclusions - Intrusions - Original horizontality --- Ensure students understand that the cross-cutting relationships principle is vital in geological dating, helping geologists determine the relative ages of rock formations.
**On Figure 2**, which principle allows you to say whether B is younger or older than A? The diagram shows a cross-section of geological layers and intrusions. The labeled parts include: - **A**: Represents an igneous rock intrusion. - **B**, **C**, **D**, **E**: Represent different sedimentary rock layers. The igneous intrusion (A) cuts across sedimentary layers B and extends through to layers D and C. The question is which geological principle can be used to determine the relative ages of A and B. **Principles:** 1. **Superposition**: In sedimentary rock layers, the oldest layers are at the bottom, and the layers become progressively younger towards the top. 2. **Inclusions**: Fragments (inclusions) within a rock layer are older than the layer containing them. 3. **Cross-cutting relationships**: An igneous intrusion or fault is younger than the rocks it cuts through. 4. **Original horizontality**: Layers of sediment are originally deposited horizontally. 5. **Intrusions**: Igneous rocks that intrude are younger than the surrounding rocks. **Answer the question:** - Cross-cutting relationships: This principle indicates that rock B is older than the igneous rock A, because A cuts through B. This is the principle used to deduce the relative ages of B and A.
Transcribed Image Text:**On Figure 2**, which principle allows you to say whether B is younger or older than A? The diagram shows a cross-section of geological layers and intrusions. The labeled parts include: - **A**: Represents an igneous rock intrusion. - **B**, **C**, **D**, **E**: Represent different sedimentary rock layers. The igneous intrusion (A) cuts across sedimentary layers B and extends through to layers D and C. The question is which geological principle can be used to determine the relative ages of A and B. **Principles:** 1. **Superposition**: In sedimentary rock layers, the oldest layers are at the bottom, and the layers become progressively younger towards the top. 2. **Inclusions**: Fragments (inclusions) within a rock layer are older than the layer containing them. 3. **Cross-cutting relationships**: An igneous intrusion or fault is younger than the rocks it cuts through. 4. **Original horizontality**: Layers of sediment are originally deposited horizontally. 5. **Intrusions**: Igneous rocks that intrude are younger than the surrounding rocks. **Answer the question:** - Cross-cutting relationships: This principle indicates that rock B is older than the igneous rock A, because A cuts through B. This is the principle used to deduce the relative ages of B and A.
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