OH i ACP Suppose that a "snapshot" of FA synthase was taken and the above (drawn) intermediate (STRUCTURE X) is shown in the active site of FASI. What chemical equations (below) best explains what would happen in the NEXT 2 reactions to create C8:0-ACP? Assume that FA synthesis occurs in the proper sequential order. O Structure X + NADPH + H+ --> NADP+ + C6:0-ACP + H₂O O Structure X + NADPH + H+ --> NADP+ + C6:0-ACP Structure X + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ --> 2 NADP+ + C6:0-ACP Structure X + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ --> 2 NADP+ + C6:0-ACP + 1 CO₂ O Structure X + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ --> 2 NADP+ + C6:0-ACP + 1 CoA + H₂O
Q: DNA: How PCR works and why it's useful?
A: PCR is dependent on the ability of DNA polymerase to generate a new strand of DNA that is…
Q: DNA: Whats the difference between continuous and discontinuous synthesis, why replication requires…
A: DNA is Deoxyribo Nucleic acid which functions as genetic material in most of the organisms.…
Q: Which of the following would you expect to happen if amino acids 579 to 582 (YIYV) in the PDGF-Beta…
A: PGDF beta-receptor contain multiple domains that activate the various pathways inside the cell. The…
Q: Complex carbohydrates are comprised of which of the following? Disaccarides Oligosaccarides…
A: Carbohydrates are biomolecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Carbohydrates are…
Q: At a pH of 10, would you expect this peptide to be retained for a longer time within an anion…
A: Ion exchange chromatography separates molecules based on their charge difference. A cation exchange…
Q: a) Draw a non-covalent interaction between a water molecule and the charge on a phosphorylated…
A: Unlike covalent interactions where there is sharing of electrons between two atoms, in non-covalent…
Q: Propose a pathway for the following compound to enter gluconeogenesis / glycolysis. In your pathway,…
A: The compound given is not a common biomolecule or metabolite. It is methanolglyoxal , the alcoholic…
Q: Which of the following are true about oxaloacetate? It can cross mitochondrial membranes It is an…
A: Glycolysis is a pathway which breaks down glucose into two three-carbon compounds and produces…
Q: Which statements best describe serotonin? Select the correct response(s): It is essential for…
A: Serotonin is a neuro transmitter that transmit the messages from one neuron to other neuron. It is…
Q: Regarding the physical condition (characteristics of the solution/environment) in which an enzyme…
A: Enzymes are large molecular weight proteins that catalyse biochemical reaction. An enzyme's…
Q: For the questions below be sure to show your work as well as the answer to the question. In this…
A: Hi! Thank you for the question. We are authorized to answer five subparts at a time, since you have…
Q: Question 10 of 11 A pentapeptide has the abbreviation "GREAT". Draw the peptide and give its…
A: Peptides are small sequences of amino acids. The individual amino acids in a peptide are joined…
Q: What is something that allosteric effectors that alter the rate of catabolic or anabolic pathways…
A: Enzymes are biological catalysts that alter the rate of biochemical reactions. Allosteric enzymes…
Q: 1a. Whats the difference between continuous and discontinuous synthesis? 1b. Why replication…
A: According to the semiconservative model of DNA replication proposed by Meselson and Stahl, each…
Q: 5) Both DNA polymerase (any DNA polymerase) and ligase catalyze the formation of a bond between…
A: DNA Polymerase and Ligase are the two classes of enzymes that take part in DNA replication and…
Q: 5. State whether the following statements are True or False, If False, explain why 5.1 Oxaloacetate…
A: 1. Oxaloacetate is formed by the oxidation of L-malate - Oxaloacetate is formed via oxidation of…
Q: What cell phases do the alkylating agents work on? a)S phase b) G0 c) G1 d) G2 e) M phase
A: Anticancer drugs may be divided (on the basis of stage of cell cycle at which these act) into two…
Q: How can co-enzymes affect enzyme activity?
A: Enzymes are biological catalysts and majorly belongs to the protein class of biological…
Q: Which of the following concerning hemoglobin is true? a) BPG decreases at high altitudes and causes…
A: Hemoglobin (Hb) is a tetrameric protein. One molecule of Hemoglobin can bind to four oxygen…
Q: What following statement is TRUE concerning motifs and domains? a) Both motifs and domains are…
A: The proteins are folded into their three dimensional structure in order to gain biological function.…
Q: Does myoglobin have the same high affinity for CO as hemoglobin?
A: Hemoglobin is a multimeric (multi-subunit) protein that transports oxygen from lungs to tissues and…
Q: Discuss in detail about the structure of protein .
A: Proteins are one of the four major biomacromolecules. Proteins can be composed of one or more…
Q: In the peptide, SWEETLY, bond via its side chain. (Give the full name of the amino acids) can still…
A: Recall that: for a given peptide amino acid sequences are written with N-terminal amino acid on the…
Q: What charged groups are present in leucine at a pH = 7? OA) 1× NH3¹ B) 1 x COO OC) 1× NH3¹ and 1 ×…
A: Amino acids have a central carbon atom known as α-carbon atom. Each amino acid has an amino group,…
Q: Which of the following concerning hemoglobin is true? a) BPG decreases at high altitudes and causes…
A: 1 Hemoglobin is a globular protein, ie it is roughly spherical. It is an oxygen-binding protein that…
Q: ________ is a regulatory mechanism in which the end product of a metabolic pathway inhibits an…
A: Enzymes are biological catalysts. The enzymes, whose ability to catalyze a reaction depends upon…
Q: What are the roles of sigma factor, rho factor, and an intrinsic terminator in transcription in…
A: Introduction: Transcription is the synthesis of single-stranded messenger RNA (mRNA) from the…
Q: How can a noncompetitive inhibitor affect enzyme activity without binding to the active site? a. It…
A: The substance that decreases the activity of enzyme is called enzyme inhibitor. There are two types:…
Q: a series of tubes contains 1 mL of diiluent. 0.5 mL of serum is added to tube 1 and then mixed. 0.2…
A: Recall that : Equation of dilution: M1V1 = M2V2 where: M1 is the molar concentration of the stock…
Q: Using an arrow, draw the site of cleavage for the following peptides that are reacted by: Pepsin…
A: Amino acids are building blocks of peptides and polypeptide chain. Peptides are consist of 2-50…
Q: 1) What is the full name of the following molecule? 2) Briefly explain the functions of this…
A: The biochemistry of cells is greatly influenced by a variety of biological components. These…
Q: DNA: Explain the Meselson-Stahl Experiment.
A: The mode of replication in DNA, in which a parental duplex DNA gives rise to two identical daughter…
Q: Elaborate on the industrial processes of water purification and wastewater treatment. In your…
A: Introduction Water pollution is process by which water get polluted for various human activities.…
Q: 1. What two enzymes in glycolysis are regulated by high ATP concentrations?
A: INTRODUCTION : Glycolysis : It is a metabolic pathway in which glucose is breaken down into pyruvate…
Q: Sketch on one reaction rate vs. substrate concentration graph & sketch on one Lineweaver-Burk type…
A: LB plot is double reciprocal plot which gives Km and Vmax values as x intercept and y intercept…
Q: 1. State if true or false a. GLUT5 transporter carries fructose from the intestinal lumen into the…
A: GLUT5 Transporter : GLUT5 is a fructose transporter found & expressed on the apical border of…
Q: Why are single strand binding proteins (ssb proteins) needed in DNA replication? (note that you need…
A: DNA consists of two strands of polynucleotide that are linked to each other via hydrogen bonding…
Q: Biochemistry:Lable out the main difference of Primary,secondary,tertiary,and quatrenary structure.
A: Proteins are biomolecules composed of amino acids. Proteins have four levels of conformations known…
Q: 8. Why is it important to maintain blood glucose during exercise? How is this achieved?
A: During exercise, it is important to maintain glucose homeostasis. There is a tight regulatory…
Q: Select ALL of the following that are made during the Kreb's Cycle. ATP CO₂ NADH FADH2
A: Cellular respiration is a collection of three metabolic pathways that generate ATP by oxidation of…
Q: In order to study protein structures and functions, many protein techniques have been developed for…
A: Proteins are composed of twenty standard amino acids attached together via peptide bonds. These…
Q: What is the physical or structural difference between heterochromatin (also called "heterochromatic…
A: The term "chromatin" describes the DNA and protein combination that makes up the chromosomes present…
Q: Glycolysis Glucose Pyruvate Pyruvate Oxidation Citric Acid Cycle Oxidative Phosphorylation (electron…
A: Introduction Cell requires energy for the various activities. Cell gets energy by cellular…
Q: In the free energy diagram below, molecule A (with energy x) is converted to molecule B (with energy…
A: Activation energy for a reaction is the minimum amount of extra energy that is necessary for the…
Q: Which of the following statements about chaperones is FALSE? a. Chaperones prevent incorrect…
A: Proteins mostly get folded into their native states spontaneously. Some proteins require assistance…
Q: A dialysis tube that contains 10 mL of a 5% sucrose solution and that is permeable to water but not…
A: Osmosis is a process by which a water moves from higher water concentration to lower water…
Q: Which of the following statements concerning enzymes is TRUE? a. Enzymes can increase the…
A: Enzymes are biological catalysts that enhance the rate of biochemical reactions. The enzymes are…
Q: Identify basic structure of the 8 types of membrane proteins shown below Understand how primary…
A: All biological membranes share one common feature: they are impermeable to polar molecules and…
Q: what element is this? after MDA reacts with something Ph CH3 N CH3
A: MDA is malondialdehyde . It is a product of lipid peroxidation in corals. Determination of this MDA…
Q: a. Provide names for both metabolites. b. What kind of reaction occurs here? c. What enzyme…
A: Biochemical reactions are catalyzed by enzymes in which bio-metabolites are transformed into another…
Hw.3.
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps with 1 images
- The Relative Efficiency of ATP Synthesis in Noncyclic versus Cyclic Photophosphorylation If noncyclic photosynthetic electron transport leads to the translocation of 7 H+/2e- and cyclic photosynthetic electron transport leads to the translocation of 2 H+/e-, what is the relative photosynthetic efficiency of ATP synthesis (expressed as the number of photons absorbed per ATP synthesized) for noncyclic versus cyclic photophosphorylation? (Assume that the CF1CF0-ATP synthase yields 3 ATP/14 H+.)Using the ActiveModel for phosphofructokinase (Trypanosoma), describe the difference between the APO1, AP02, and holoenzyme conformations.In steroid synthesis, squalene is oxidizedto squalene epoxide. This reaction is somewhat unusual, in thatboth a reducing agent (NADPH) and an oxidizing agent (O2) arerequired. Why are both needed?
- Remember the model complex by Collman et al. for the cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) active site attached to a gold electrode (see Figure). Like Cco, this complex is capable of carrying out the 4-electron reduction of dioxygen to water under constant electron flux (with the possible formation of hydrogen peroxide as an intermediate). Me HỒ HN NH NH EN- NThe following diagram shows reaction curves for aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) with carbamoylphosphate and different concentrations of aspartate, in the absence of ATP (curve 1) and presence of ATP (curve 2). What do the shapes of the curves tell us about the ATCase enzyme? 2 جر [aspartate] It binds substrate through a sequential mechanism. It binds substte cooperatively. It obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics. It binds substrate through a concerted mechanism.Propose structures for intermediates A and B in the scheme below. This three-step conversion is carried out by enzymes that require no redox cofactors (no FAD, NADH etc.) nor TPP. Which enzyme in the citric acid cycle has an activity most similar to enzyme 1? Which enzyme in the PPP or the citric acid cycle has an intermediate that bears similarity to intermediate B? H OH COO™ Enzl A Enz2 B Enz3 OH
- S 1 CH₂ ✪ NH3 0=0 H₂C HN 6 NH CH₂ 'S Co A L CH₂ NH 4. Describe the role of His in the catalytic mechanism shown.Shown below is a substrate for a Trypsin. Draw the mechanism for this serine protease using the artificial substrate. Be sure to draw the catalytic triad, and show the role of the oxyanion hole. Draw the complete structure of every intermediate and product and PUSH ARROWS!!!!! Do not abbreviate structures using R and R' H₂N _N_CH. сно CH₂ CH₂ CH₂ NH d=19H₂ NH₂ O CH- H₂C HN O CH4. (a) courses (such as this one) that NADH produced through glycoly- °H °H! sis in the cytosol can be used to generate ATP in the mitochon- dria. Yet, if 7-(14C)-NADH (in which the nicotinamide C-7 position is radioactively labeled; see diagram on the right) is added to rat hepatocytes, no radioactivity appears in the mitochondrial matrix while, if 4-(H)-NADH is added to hepatocytes, the tritium label soon appears in the mitochondrial matrix. Explain. It is generally stated and taught in biochemistry H H `NH2 NH2 R R [4-°H]NADH [7-14C]NADH
- The metabolic reactions and enzymes that require NAD/NADH are shown in Figure 1. However, it is not specified whether oxidized or reduced NAD is used in each reaction, nor what form of NAD is produced as a product. Add this specificity to the attached figure. You are also welcome to draw your own figure.1. Identify the oxidized coenzyme (letter abbreviation only) that participates in this reaction of the Kreb’s cycle. Succinate --> Fumarate 2. How many mol of NADH can be obtained upon the beta oxidation of stearic acid? 3. How many mol of ATP can be obtained upon the complete oxidation of 1 mol stearic acid? 4. How many steps in glycolysis in which ATO is converted to ADP?Four electron carriers, a, b, c, and d, whose reduced and oxidized forms can be distinguished spectrophotometrically, are required for respiration in a bacterial electron-transport system. In the presence of substrates and oxygen, three different inhibitors block respira- tion, yielding the patterns of oxidation states shown below. What is the order of the carriers in the chain from substrates to O2, and where do the three inhibitors act? Carriers Inhibitor a b P 1 R 2 R R R 3 R R O and R indicate fully oxidized and fully reduced, respectively.