O For the circuit in Figure 2.3, convert both the voltage sources to current sources. (i) (ii) Sketch the modified circuit. Determine the voltage V₁. 30 V 12002 V₁ 4 120 Ω Figure 2.3 24 V 120 Ω (b) Refer to Figure 2.2. (0) Calculate the Thevenin resistance and voltage external to the load resistor R (ii) Sketch the Thevenin equivalent circuit. (iii) Determine the value of R. for maximum power transfer, and calculate the maximum power delivered to the load resistor RL. 8V 20 2 |-|H 13 V 35 Ω www • 30 Ω 315 Ω Ω Figure 2.2 792 www I a R

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Solar Cell

A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell, is a device that converts light into electricity directly through a photovoltaic effect, i.e., a physical and chemical event. It is a type of electromagnetic cell, defined as being used for its electrical properties, current, voltage, or resistance, which vary when exposed to light. Everyday cellular gadgets are usually the building blocks of photovoltaic modules, collectively known as solar panels. Single junction silicon solar cell can generate an open circuit of about 0.5 to 0.6 volts.