Number of cooling crystallizer units. Two ton/h of the dodecahydrate of sodium phosphate (Na3PO4 · 12H2O) is to be crystallized by cooling, in a cooling crystallizer, an aqueous solution that enters saturated at 40°C and leaves at 20°C. Chilled cooling water flows counter- currently, entering at 10°C and exiting at 25°C. The overall heat-transfer coefficient is 20 Btu/h-ft²-°F. Solution average specific heat is 0.80 cal/g-°C. Estimate the: (a) tons (2,000 lb) per hour of feed solution; (b) heat-transfer area in ft“; (c) number of crystallizer units required if each 10-ft-long unit contains 30 ft² 17.23. of heat-transfer surface.

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Distillation

Distillation is a process/technique to separate more volatile components from less volatile components using the principle of relative volatility. In chemical engineering, distillation is one of the most common and important topics that is involved in almost every industry and process.