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- One of the wavelengths of light emitted by hydrogen atoms under normal laboratory conditions is l = 656.3 nm, in the red portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. In the light emitted from a distant galaxy this same spectral line is observed to be Doppler-shifted to l = 953.4 nm, in the infrared portion of the spectrum. How fast are the emitting atoms moving relative to the earth? Are they approaching the earth or receding from it?Two cars A & B are driving away from each other and sounding their horns. You are the driver of car B which is travelling at a speed of 23.6m/s and you measured the horn of the other car to be sounded at 885HZ, which is travelling at a speed of 27.9m/s. Speed of sound is 340m/s. Calculate the following: a) Speed of the observer in m/s %3D (0.5 mark) b) Speed of the source in m/s %3D (0.5 mark) c) frequency of the source (original) in hertz (1.5 mark) d) How much does the frequency of the source decreased (A) in hertz =3. An observer P stands on a train station platform as a high-speed train passes by at u/c = 0.8. The observer P, who measures the platform to be 60 m long, notice that the front and back ends of the train line up exactly with the ends of the platform at the same time. According to a rider T on the train, what is the length of the train station platform?
- Due to the Doppler effect, a moving aircraft sees the broadcast signals at 376 MHz from a stationary communications antenna that broadcasts signals at 354 MHz. Find the relative velocity between the aircraft and the broadcast station. Determine the direction of the moving aircraft.Consider the case of two kids, Sam and Peter, riding a train and playing catch in an empty car. The train is moving to the right at 10 m/s. The kids can throw the ball at a speed of 5 m/s. The side of the car is transparent and a poodle named Max can see the boys playing inside. What is the speed and direction of Sam’s throw to Peter, according to Max? Explain.The star of a distant solar system explodes as a supernova. At the moment of the explosion, an resting exploration spaceship is 15 AU away from the shock wave. The shock wave of the explosion travels with 25000 km/s toward the spaceship. To save the crew, the spacecraft makes use of a special booster that uniformly accelerates at 150 m/s^2 in the opposite direction. Determine if the crew manages to escape from the shock wave. (Neglect relativistic effects.)
- There is a free neutron that is at rest. It decays into a proton (mass energy is 938.30 MeV), an electron (mass energy is 0.50 MeV, and an antineutrino (mass energy is negligible on the scale of MeV). What is the total kinetic energy of the decay products?The fraction of particles that have an x-component velocity between C and Cx + dCx is described by (7)¹/²e-mc3/2kT e-mc/2kT dCx. Derive the average value of the positive values of Cx.Helpful information: (1) An alpha particle is a helium nucleus, (2) e = 1.6 × 10-¹⁹ C, (3) k₂ = 9.0 × 10⁹ Nm² C-2, (4) 1nm = 1 × 10-⁹ m 1-An alpha particle lies on the x-axis, a distance of 1.0 nanometer from a proton (in this set-up, the alpha particle is at the origin while the proton is in the positive direction). Which of the following choices below represents the magnitude of the electric force on the alpha particle? (a) 2.3 × 10-10 N (b) 4.6 × 10-10 N (c) 2.3 x 10-19 N (d) 4.6 x 10-19 N cing the voltage so following insta choices below at a time! 1.00 s?
- An S observer living on the x-axis observes a flash of red light (V) at x=1210m and after 4.96 μs, records a blue light pulse (A) at x=480m. Tip: To better organize your answer, use the V and A subscripts to label the coordinates of events. (a) What is the velocity with respect to S of an observer S' that records events as occurring in the same position? (b) Which event occurs first for S'? (c) What is the time interval measured by S' between events?The Starship Enterprise returns from warp drive to ordinary space with a forward speed of 51 km/skm/s . To the crew's great surprise, a Klingon ship is 140 kmkm directly ahead, traveling in the same direction at a mere 30 km/skm/s . Without evasive action, the Enterprise will overtake and collide with the Klingons in just about 6.7 ss . The Enterprise's computers react instantly to brake the ship. What magnitude acceleration does the Enterprise need to just barely avoid a collision with the Klingon ship? Assume the acceleration is constant.The lifetime of a free neutron is 886 s. If a neutron moves with a speed of 2.57 ✕ 108 m/s relative to an observer in the lab, what does the observer measure the neutron's lifetime to be (in s)?