not exist in water. For example: Na2O(s) + H2O → 2 NaOH(aq) 6. All salts containing PO43-, CO32-, SO32-, and S2- are insoluble, except those in Group IA and NH4+1. Table 2 - Gases formed in metathesis reactions Gas Equation for formation H2S 2H+1 + S2- → H2S(g) CO2 2H+1 + CO32- → (H2CO3) → H2O + CO2(g) H+1 + HCO3-1 → (H2CO3) → H2O + CO2(g) SO2 2 H+1 + SO3-1 → (H2SO3) → H2O + SO2(g) H+1 + HSO32- → (H2SO3) → H2O + SO2(g) NH3 NH4+1 + OH-1 → H2O + NH3(g) Set up a table of 3 soluble and 3 insoluble, using the same ions (anion or cation) to form soluble and insoluble compounds, using correct reaction notation.
Table 1 - Solubility rules for ionic compounds in water
Soluble Compounds
1. All alkali metal components (Group IA) are soluble.
2. All salts containing NH4+1, NO3-1, ClO4-1, ClO3-1 and C2H3O2-1 (acetate) are soluble.
3. All chlorides, bromides and iodides (Cl-1, Br-1 and I-1 respectively) are soluble except when combined with Ag+1, Pb2+ and Hg22+.
4. All sulfates (SO42-) are soluble except when combined with Pb2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Hg22+ and Ba2+.
Insoluble Compounds
5. All metal hydroxides and all metal oxides are insoluble except those in Group IA and those formed by Ca2+, Sr2+ and Ba2+. When metal oxides dissolve, they react with water to form hydrates. The oxide ion (O2-) does not exist in water. For example: Na2O(s) + H2O → 2 NaOH(aq)
6. All salts containing PO43-, CO32-, SO32-, and S2- are insoluble, except those in Group IA and NH4+1.
Table 2 - Gases formed in metathesis reactions
| Gas | Equation for formation |
| H2S | 2H+1 + S2- → H2S(g) |
| CO2 |
2H+1 + CO32- → (H2CO3) → H2O + CO2(g) H+1 + HCO3-1 → (H2CO3) → H2O + CO2(g) |
| SO2 | 2 H+1 + SO3-1 → (H2SO3) → H2O + SO2(g) H+1 + HSO32- → (H2SO3) → H2O + SO2(g) |
| NH3 | NH4+1 + OH-1 → H2O + NH3(g) |
Set up a table of 3 soluble and 3 insoluble, using the same ions (anion or cation) to form soluble and insoluble compounds, using correct reaction notation.
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