Nitric oxide is an air pollutant found in car exhaust (as exhibited in the recent Volkswagen scandal). At the high temperatures found in car engines it is formed from the components of air: N2(g) + 02(g) = 2NO(g) (a) Using the data in Chang Appendix B, calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction at 25°C and 1 atm. (b) 1500°C is a typical temperature inside a car engine after it has been running for some time. Calculate the equilibrium constant for the production of nitric oxide at this higher temperature. State any assumptions you need to make in order to complete the calculation. (Even though the temperature change is large here, assume that AHrxn, ASrxn can be treated as temperature independent.)

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## Appendix B: Thermodynamic Data

### Thermodynamic Data for Selected Elements and Inorganic Compounds at 1 bar and 298 K

| Substance      | ΔfH°/kJ·mol⁻¹ | ΔfG°/kJ·mol⁻¹ | S°/J·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹ | Cp/J·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹ |
|----------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|
| Ag(s)          | 0            | 0            | 42.7         | 25.49        |
| Ag⁺(aq)        | 105.9        | 77.11        | 72.68        | 37.66        |
| AgBr(s)        | -99.5        | -95.94       | 107.11       | 52.38        |
| AgCl(s)        | -127.0       | -109.72      | 96.2         | 50.79        |
| AgI(s)         | -62.4        | -66.3        | 114.2        | 54.43        |
| AgNO₃(s)       | -129.4       | -33.41       | 140.9        | 93.05        |
| Al(s)          | 0            | 0            | 28.32        | 24.34        |
| Al³⁺(aq)       | -531.0       | -485         | -321.7       |              |
| AlCl₃(s)       | -704.2       | -628.8       | 110.67       | 91.84        |
| Al₂O₃(s)       | -1669.8      | -1576.4      | 50.99        | 78.99        |
| Ar(g)          | 0            | 0            | 154.8        | 20.79        |
| Ba(s)          | 0            | 0            | 62.8         | 26.36        |
| Ba²⁺(aq)       | -537.6       | -560.8       | 10           |              |
| BaO(s)         | -553.5       | -
Transcribed Image Text:## Appendix B: Thermodynamic Data ### Thermodynamic Data for Selected Elements and Inorganic Compounds at 1 bar and 298 K | Substance | ΔfH°/kJ·mol⁻¹ | ΔfG°/kJ·mol⁻¹ | S°/J·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹ | Cp/J·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹ | |----------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------| | Ag(s) | 0 | 0 | 42.7 | 25.49 | | Ag⁺(aq) | 105.9 | 77.11 | 72.68 | 37.66 | | AgBr(s) | -99.5 | -95.94 | 107.11 | 52.38 | | AgCl(s) | -127.0 | -109.72 | 96.2 | 50.79 | | AgI(s) | -62.4 | -66.3 | 114.2 | 54.43 | | AgNO₃(s) | -129.4 | -33.41 | 140.9 | 93.05 | | Al(s) | 0 | 0 | 28.32 | 24.34 | | Al³⁺(aq) | -531.0 | -485 | -321.7 | | | AlCl₃(s) | -704.2 | -628.8 | 110.67 | 91.84 | | Al₂O₃(s) | -1669.8 | -1576.4 | 50.99 | 78.99 | | Ar(g) | 0 | 0 | 154.8 | 20.79 | | Ba(s) | 0 | 0 | 62.8 | 26.36 | | Ba²⁺(aq) | -537.6 | -560.8 | 10 | | | BaO(s) | -553.5 | -
Nitric oxide is an air pollutant found in car exhaust (as exhibited in the recent Volkswagen scandal). At the high temperatures found in car engines, it is formed from the components of air:

\[ \text{N}_2(g) + \text{O}_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2\text{NO}(g) \]

(a) Using the data in Chang Appendix B, calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction at 25°C and 1 atm.

(b) 1500°C is a typical temperature inside a car engine after it has been running for some time. Calculate the equilibrium constant for the production of nitric oxide at this higher temperature. State any assumptions you need to make in order to complete the calculation. (Even though the temperature change is large here, assume that \(\Delta H_{\text{rxn}}\), \(\Delta S_{\text{rxn}}\) can be treated as temperature independent.)
Transcribed Image Text:Nitric oxide is an air pollutant found in car exhaust (as exhibited in the recent Volkswagen scandal). At the high temperatures found in car engines, it is formed from the components of air: \[ \text{N}_2(g) + \text{O}_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2\text{NO}(g) \] (a) Using the data in Chang Appendix B, calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction at 25°C and 1 atm. (b) 1500°C is a typical temperature inside a car engine after it has been running for some time. Calculate the equilibrium constant for the production of nitric oxide at this higher temperature. State any assumptions you need to make in order to complete the calculation. (Even though the temperature change is large here, assume that \(\Delta H_{\text{rxn}}\), \(\Delta S_{\text{rxn}}\) can be treated as temperature independent.)
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