NH2 a-Ketoglutarate NH3 (ammonia) Glutamate is synthesized by adding ammonia to the precursor metabolite a-ketoglutarate. Aspartate NH2 OOxaloacetate Glutamate The amino group (NH2) of glutamate can be transferred to other carbon compounds to produce other amino acids. FIGURE 6.29 The Role of Glutamate in Amino Acid Synthesis Once glutamate has been synthesized from a-ketoglutarate, its amino group can be transferred to produce other amino acids.

Q: Identify the means by which the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is regulated.

A: Pyruvate dehydrogenase is a convergence point in the regulation of the metabolic finetuning between…

Q: Explain why β oxidation cannot proceed backward to produce triacylglycerols.

A: Beta oxidation is a metabolic process involving multiple steps by which fatty acid molecules are…

Q: What is the mechanism of chymotrypsin catalysed by enzymes without cofactors?

A: CHYMOTRYPSIN is a digestive enzyme of pancreatic juice acting on the duodenum where it performs…

Q: How are the irreversible reactions of glycolysis bypassed in gluconeogenesis?

A: Introduction: Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic pathway where glucose is synthesized from…

Q: what is the effect of temperature on the activity of α-Amylase?

A: Alpha-amylase is widespread among living organisms. In the digestive systems of humans and many…

Q: Where does Gluconeogenesis occur and from what precursors?

A: Gluconeogenesis is the pathway of synthesis of glucose. Gluconeogenesis supplies the needs for…

Q: Define beta-(b -)oxidation

A: Metabolism describes all the chemical processes that go on continuously inside the body to keep a…

Q: DEFINE AND DESCRIBE The functions of the pentose phosphate and Enter-Doudoroff pathway.

A: The smallest organism that can be seen with the naked eye is called a microbe. It uses a variety of…

Q: Lipoic Acid is the vitamin precursor for a co-enzyme called Lipoamide A patient diagnosed with…

A: Lipoic acid is a sulfur-containing naturally occurring compound in the body that plays various roles…

Q: Why do deficiencies in glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase frequently present as anemia?

A: Glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) deficiency is a genetic abnormality that results in an inadequate amount…

Q: Why is glycolysis more rapid after the infusion of fructose?

A: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway of carbohydrate breakdown i.e. glucose breakdown to yield a…

Q: ndicate the following where the tissue(s) for the metabolic pathway takes place: Glycogenesis…

A: Glycogenesis is the process of glycogen synthesis, in which glucose molecules are added to chains of…

Q: What type of enzyme is phosphofructokinase? And why is it in that category?

A: Phosphofructokinase is one of the most important regulatory enzymes of the glycolysis. It is an…

Q: What is the product of the reaction when alpha-amylase acts on amylose?

A: Amylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch. It is present predominantly in the…

Q: If all of the pentose phosphate pathway is functioning (both oxidative and non-oxidative portions),…

A: Pentose Phosphate Pathway, also called the HMP shunt pathway is a multipurpose biochemical pathway…

Q: Panthothenic acid is involved in the metabolic pathways as coenzyme:

A: Vitamin B5 is also considered as a pantothenic acid, which is also a nutritional component that is…

Q: Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis share most of their reactions and enzymes, apart from the three…

A: hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinase are the 3 enzymes that are used in glycolysis…

Q: What form of activated glucose is used in the biosynthesis ofglycogen by bacteria?

A: Bacteria are member of a large group of unicellular microorganisms. It has cell walls but lack…

Q: Why is glucose provided by glycogenolysis in the liver but not in skeletal muscle?

A: Through glycogenolysis process, glycogen broken down into glucose and provide energy.  Muscle…

Q: What reaction or process in metabolism is catalyzed by each of the following enzymes: (a) lipase;…

A: Enzymes are biological catalysts that can fasten the reaction rate by decreasing the activation…

Q: What is the end product of catabolism of the pyrimidine base thymine? What circumstances cause…

A: Pyrimidines undergo ring cleavage during the process of catabolism and the usual end products of…

Q: What is ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC)deficiency ?

A: Ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC)deficiency is a rare x linked recessive genetic disorder…

Q: Explain the mode of action of glucoamylase.

A: An enzyme is a protein that is capable of accelerating the rate of a biochemical reaction by…

Q: Describe the cause and significance of metabolicsyndrome.

A: A disease is an abnormal condition that affects the structure or function of an organism and is…

Q: source regulated? What would you expect to be the effect of caffeine or theophylline on fatty acid…

A: Fatty acids are the main source of energy production because they provide the maximum energy per…

Q: What step in the citric acid cycle in inhibited by fluorocitrate?

A: The citric acid cycle is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to release…

Q: Name the glycolytic enzymes that are allostericallyregulated.

A: Glycolysis is the cytoplasmic pathway which breaks down glucose into two three-carbon compounds and…

Q: What effect does a higher ADP/ATP ratio have on isocitrate dehydrogenase activity?

A: Isocitrate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that catalyzes isocitrate's oxidative decarboxylation,…