Newsdate: March 1, 2030. A unique creature has been discoveredduring exploration of outer space. Recently, its genetic materialhas been isolated and analyzed, and has been found to be similarin some ways to DNA in chemical makeup. It contains in abundancethe 4-carbon sugar erythrose and a molar equivalent ofphosphate groups. In addition, it contains six nitrogenous bases:adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), cytosine (C), hypoxanthine(H), and xanthine (X). These bases exist in the following relativeproportion:A = T = H and C = G = XX-ray diffraction studies have established a regularity in the moleculeand a constant diameter of about 30 Å. Together, these datahave suggested a model for the structure of this molecule.(a) Propose a general model of this molecule, and brieflydescribe it.(b) What base-pairing properties must exist for H and for X inthe model?(c) Given the constant diameter of 30 Å, do you think either (i)both H and X are purines or both pyrimidines, or (ii) one isa purine and one is a pyrimidine?
DNA and RNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is usually called the blueprint of life. Deoxyribose is a monosaccharide that has a key function in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. One less oxygen-containing hydroxyl group occurs in deoxyribose sugar. Nucleic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, is one of the natural components. Deoxyribonucleic acid is a double-stranded molecule. Watson and Crick postulated the double-stranded model of the helix. A deoxyribonucleic acid is a molecular group that carries and transmits genetic information from parents to offspring. All eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells are involved.
DNA as the Genetic Material
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a long polymeric nucleic acid molecule discovered in the late 1930s. It is a polymer; a long chain-like molecule made up of several monomers connected in a sequence. It possesses certain characteristics that qualify it as a genetic component. Certain organisms have different types of nucleic acids as their genetic material - DNA or RNA.
Genetics
The significant branch in science which involves the study of genes, gene variations, and the organism's heredity is known as genetics. It is also used to study the involvement of a gene or set of genes in the health of an individual and how it prevents several diseases in a human being. Thus, genetics also creates an understanding of various medical conditions.
DNA Replication
The mechanism by which deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is capable of producing an exact copy of its own is defined as DNA replication. The DNA molecules utilize a semiconservative method for replication.
Newsdate: March 1, 2030. A unique creature has been discovered
during exploration of outer space. Recently, its genetic material
has been isolated and analyzed, and has been found to be similar
in some ways to DNA in chemical makeup. It contains in abundance
the 4-carbon sugar erythrose and a molar equivalent of
phosphate groups. In addition, it contains six nitrogenous bases:
adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), cytosine (C), hypoxanthine
(H), and xanthine (X). These bases exist in the following relative
proportion:
A = T = H and C = G = X
X-ray diffraction studies have established a regularity in the molecule
and a constant diameter of about 30 Å. Together, these data
have suggested a model for the structure of this molecule.
(a) Propose a general model of this molecule, and briefly
describe it.
(b) What base-pairing properties must exist for H and for X in
the model?
(c) Given the constant diameter of 30 Å, do you think either (i)
both H and X are purines or both pyrimidines, or (ii) one is
a purine and one is a pyrimidine?
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