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Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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1. Translate the following English statements into first-order logic formulas. Use the following
predicates in your answers:
Predicate Meaning
Student(X) X is a student.
Course(X) X is a course.
Takes(X, Y) X has already taken Y

IMPORTANT: In this knowledge base, assume that the “Takes” predicate does not refer only
to students and courses. That is, Takes(X,Y) does not guarantee that X is a student and Y is a
course, so make sure that you take that into consideration in your answers.
a. Every student has taken at least one course.
b. Every student who takes Math also takes English.
c. No student has taken all courses.
d. Bob has taken all courses that Alice has already taken.
e. Some course was taken by every student.

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