Name(s): _______________________________________________________________ WHAT THE BONES TELL US Part A Directions: Read the following descriptions to determine if they are consistent with a male or female. Case #1 ______________________ Round eye orbits, subpubic angle of 103 degrees, rectangular-shaped pubis, smooth skull. Explain your answer. Case #2 ______________________ Pelvis narrow, protuberance on occipital bone, sloping forehead. Explain your answer. Case #3 ______________________ The skull was found to be smooth with small brow ridges; would you expect to find a subpubic angle larger or smaller than 90 degrees? Explain your answer. Case #4______________________ A long, narrow sacrum with triangular pubis; would you expect to find the subpubic angle larger or smaller than 90 degrees? Explain your answer. Part B Directions: Use the bone length tables to calculate the approximate height of the person. For each problem, locate the appropriate formula to calculate a person’s height based on the size of the recovered bone. Show your work. Male femur of 50.6 cm female, humerus of 33.4 cm Sex unknown, tibia of 34.2 cm Part C Directions: Describe as much as you can about a person from their bones and teeth, as described in the following case studies. Case 1: A skull has been found Lambdoidal suture nearly closed Large external occipital protuberance Large supraorbital ridge What can you tell about the skull described above? Case 2: A body was found in a wooded area. There was bruising on the neck, defensive wounds on the arms and hands, and a broken finger. Subpubic angle = 106 degrees Length of tibia = 34 cm No fillings in teeth Suture lines of skull have not begun to close Based on the information above, determine the: Age of the individual Sex of the individual Height of the individual Possible cause of death Case 3: A skull has been found: What can you tell about the skull described below? Lambdoidal suture closed, coronal suture almost fused Large brow ridge Large supraorbital ridge Case 4: Only the jaw has been found: What can you tell about the jaw from this information only? Angle = 100 degrees Wisdom teeth have emerged No filings or bridgework Case 5: Femur only: What can you tell about the femur from this description? Thin Osteoporosis present Length of femur = 47 cm
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Name(s): _______________________________________________________________
WHAT THE BONES TELL US
Part A Directions: Read the following descriptions to determine if they are consistent with a male or female.
Case #1 ______________________
Round eye orbits, subpubic angle of 103 degrees, rectangular-shaped pubis, smooth skull. Explain your answer.
Case #2 ______________________
Pelvis narrow, protuberance on occipital bone, sloping forehead. Explain your answer.
Case #3 ______________________
The skull was found to be smooth with small brow ridges; would you expect to find a subpubic angle larger or smaller than 90 degrees? Explain your answer.
Case #4______________________
A long, narrow sacrum with triangular pubis; would you expect to find the subpubic angle larger or smaller than 90 degrees? Explain your answer.
Part B Directions: Use the bone length tables to calculate the approximate height of the person. For each problem, locate the appropriate formula to calculate a person’s height based on the size of the recovered bone. Show your work.
- Male femur of 50.6 cm
- female, humerus of 33.4 cm
- Sex unknown, tibia of 34.2 cm
Part C Directions: Describe as much as you can about a person from their bones and teeth, as described in the following case studies.
Case 1: A skull has been found
- Lambdoidal suture nearly closed
- Large external occipital protuberance
- Large supraorbital ridge
What can you tell about the skull described above?
Case 2: A body was found in a wooded area. There was bruising on the neck, defensive wounds on the arms and hands, and a broken finger.
-
Subpubic angle = 106 degrees
-
Length of tibia = 34 cm
-
No fillings in teeth
-
Suture lines of skull have not begun to close
Based on the information above, determine the:
- Age of the individual
- Sex of the individual
- Height of the individual
- Possible cause of death
Case 3:
A skull has been found: What can you tell about the skull described below?
- Lambdoidal suture closed, coronal suture almost fused
- Large brow ridge
- Large supraorbital ridge
Case 4:
Only the jaw has been found: What can you tell about the jaw from this information only?
- Angle = 100 degrees
- Wisdom teeth have emerged
- No filings or bridgework
Case 5:
Femur only: What can you tell about the femur from this description?
- Thin
- Osteoporosis present
- Length of femur = 47 cm
Case 6:
A mass grave is found: What can you tell about the remains?
- Jaw angle = 105 degrees
- Sub pubic angle = 80 degrees
- Left femur = 49 cm
- Right femur = 49.1 cm
- Left femur = 45.5 cm
- Right femur = 45.3 cm
- Left femur = 48 cm
- Skull: one partial skull found with rectangular orbits (eye sockets)
- How many individuals (minimum) are buried at this one site?
- How did you determine this number?
- Two of the femurs, one right and one left, had thick bones. What can you infer from this information about this person?
- Two femurs showed very large attachment sites for tendons. What clue might this provide about the owner?
Case 7:
A female was reported missing in the area. The family of the missing woman was wealthy, and their slightly built missing daughter never did any strenuous work but did bear three children. How could you verify if the woman buried in the grave site:
- had three children
- did not engage in much manual labor
- was over the age of 21
- was slightly built
- was from a wealthy family
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