Neutral Amino Acids
Amino acids which do not have any charge on them are neutral amino acids.
Globular Protein
The globular proteins refer to the shape of protein specifically spherical in nature apart from spherical form fibrous, disordered and membrane-bound proteins exist. These globular proteins are miscible in water and form a colloidal solution rather than other types which might not exhibit solubility. Many classes of the fold are found in globular proteins, which render them a sphere shape. Globular fold containing proteins usually are referred to by the term globin.
Dimer
Dimers are basic organic compounds, which are derivates of oligomers. It is formed by the combination of two monomers which could potentially be strong or weak and in most cases covalent or intermolecular in nature. Identical monomers are called homodimer, the non-identical dimers are called heterodimer. The method by which dimers are formed is known as “dimerization”.
Dipeptide
A dipeptide is considered a mixture of two distinct amino acids. Since the amino acids are distinct, based on their composition, two dipeptide's isomers can be produced. Various dipeptides are biologically essential and are therefore crucial to industry.
Name the building blocks of proteins.
Amino acid molecules have an amine () and a carboxylic acid () bonded to a carbon with the substituent R groups. In each amino acid molecule, the nature of elements that exist is furnished as follows: carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O). Based on the nature of the carbon atoms present in the molecule, the amino acid molecules are termed as , , , and amino acids. The formation of the peptide bond between the amino acid units provides the primary structure of the protein.
Amino acids function as building blocks of proteins. The most commonly employed amino acids are named based on the nature of the alkyl groups as follows:
i) Electrically charged side chain containing amino acids
Positive charge:
Arginine (Arg)
Histidine (His)
Lysine (Lys)
Negative charge:
Aspartic acid (Asp)
Glutamic acid (Glu)
ii) Polar side chain with no charge
Serine (Ser)
Threonine (Thr)
Asparagine (Asp)
Glutamine (Glu)
iii) Hydrophobic side-chain amino acids
Alanine (Ala)
Valine (Val)
Isoleucine (IIe)
Leucine (Leu)
Methionine (Met)
Phenylalanine (Phe)
Tyrosine (Tyr)
Tryptophan (Trp)
iv) Other functional groups present in the side chain
Thiol: Cysteine (Cys)
Glycine (Gly)
Proline (Pro)
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