Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Question
Label the electrophile and nucleophile in the reaction.
Transcribed Image Text:The image illustrates a chemical reaction, specifically a nucleophilic substitution reaction.
**Diagram Explanation:**
- **Reactants:**
- The starting compound depicted on the left is a bromide compound with the structure of a central carbon atom bonded to two ethyl groups and a bromine atom. The bromine atom is attached through a wedge bond, indicating its stereochemistry.
- The reactant "Na⁺ CN⁻" (sodium cyanide) is written next to it, highlighting the presence of the cyanide ion (CN⁻) acting as the nucleophile.
- **Reaction Arrow:**
- A horizontal arrow points from the reactants to the products, indicating the direction of the reaction.
- **Products:**
- The main product shown is an alkyl cyanide compound, where the cyanide group (CN) has replaced the bromine atom. This group is depicted with a dashed bond, indicating the stereochemistry after the substitution.
- The by-product is "Na⁺ Br⁻" (sodium bromide), resulting from the leaving bromide ion associating with the sodium ion.
This reaction is an example of an SN2 mechanism, where the cyanide ion acts as a nucleophile, attacking the carbon atom bonded to bromine, resulting in the replacement of the bromide ion with the cyanide group.
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