n order to determine whether or not a particular medication was effective in curing the common cold, one group of patients was given the medication, while another group received sugar pills. The result of the study are shown below. Received medication Received sugar pills Patient Cured 70 20 Patients Not Cured 10 50 We are interested in determining whether of not the medication was effective in curing the common cold. The expected frequency of those who received medication and were cured is a. 70 b. 150 c. 28 d. 48 The test statistic (chi-square) is a. 10.08 b. 54.02 c. 1.96 d. 1.645 The number of degrees of freedom associated with this problem is a. 4 b. 149 c. 1 d. 3 The hypothesis is to be tested at the 5% level of significance. The critical value from the table equals a. 3.84 b. 7.81 c. 5.99 d. 9.34 Using the information above. The conclusion of the test is that the a. Proportions of being cured are equal b. Proportions of being cured are not equal c. Test is inconclusive d. None of these alternatives is correct
Addition Rule of Probability
It simply refers to the likelihood of an event taking place whenever the occurrence of an event is uncertain. The probability of a single event can be calculated by dividing the number of successful trials of that event by the total number of trials.
Expected Value
When a large number of trials are performed for any random variable ‘X’, the predicted result is most likely the mean of all the outcomes for the random variable and it is known as expected value also known as expectation. The expected value, also known as the expectation, is denoted by: E(X).
Probability Distributions
Understanding probability is necessary to know the probability distributions. In statistics, probability is how the uncertainty of an event is measured. This event can be anything. The most common examples include tossing a coin, rolling a die, or choosing a card. Each of these events has multiple possibilities. Every such possibility is measured with the help of probability. To be more precise, the probability is used for calculating the occurrence of events that may or may not happen. Probability does not give sure results. Unless the probability of any event is 1, the different outcomes may or may not happen in real life, regardless of how less or how more their probability is.
Basic Probability
The simple definition of probability it is a chance of the occurrence of an event. It is defined in numerical form and the probability value is between 0 to 1. The probability value 0 indicates that there is no chance of that event occurring and the probability value 1 indicates that the event will occur. Sum of the probability value must be 1. The probability value is never a negative number. If it happens, then recheck the calculation.
In order to determine whether or not a particular medication was effective in curing the common cold, one group of patients was given the medication, while another group received sugar pills. The result of the study are shown below.
| Received medication | Received sugar pills | |
| Patient Cured | 70 | 20 |
| Patients Not Cured | 10 | 50 |
We are interested in determining whether of not the medication was effective in curing the common cold. The expected frequency of those who received medication and were cured is
a. 70
b. 150
c. 28
d. 48
The test statistic (chi-square) is
a. 10.08
b. 54.02
c. 1.96
d. 1.645
The number of degrees of freedom associated with this problem is
a. 4
b. 149
c. 1
d. 3
The hypothesis is to be tested at the 5% level of significance. The critical value from the table equals
a. 3.84
b. 7.81
c. 5.99
d. 9.34
Using the information above. The conclusion of the test is that the
a. Proportions of being cured are equal
b. Proportions of being cured are not equal
c. Test is inconclusive
d. None of these alternatives is correct
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