n excavation for a retangular building 200 ft by 120 ft in plan is 20 ft deep. The excavated material is a moist sand with a unit weight of 115 pcf. What is the reduction in vertical pressure (Δ σ) in psf due to the removal of soil weight from the excavated area at a point 70 ft below the original ground surface at one corner of the building

Q: An open-ended steel barrel of 1 m height and 1 m diameter is filled with saturated fine sand having…

A: Given data: Drop in water level = 0.75 m Coefficient of permeability, k=102 ms.

Q: A SATURATED SOIL MASS HAS A COMPRESSION INDEX OF 0.25. ITS VOID RATIO AT A STRESS OF 10 KN/M² IS…

A:

Q: A 1.2 meter-thick strata of sand has a void ratio of 1.81. A contractor passes a vibratory roller…

A: Given, Ho = 1.2 m  eo = 1.81 e = 1.23

Q: A soil mass above a certain depth becomes unstable when there is a negative effective stress at the…

A: a) True  the soil becomes unstable if the effective stress is negative because the strength of the…

Q: 3. The soil profile at a site for a proposed building is shown in the following figure. The density…

A: Given Data: The data is given as: Over consolidated ratio of clay(OCR)=1.5Initial void…

Q: A hole was made in a stiff saturated soil having a Gs = 2.71 and moisture content of 0.30. The sand…

A: Given Gs = 2.71 w = 0.3 Water level in the hole is 6.3 m

Q: A clay soil specimen, 1.5 in. thick (drained on top only) was tested in the laboratory. For a given…

A: Given Data:d=1.5inu=60%t=8min 10sec

Q: A) Only adding a wide surface load of great pressure (e.g. embankment). B) Only drilling a vertical…

A: To Determine: The following separate, unrelated actions cause consolidation settlement in the clay…

Q: an open-ended steel barrel of 1 m height and 1 m diameter is filled with saturated fine sand having…

A: Given data: Drop in water level = 0.75 m Coefficient of permeability, k=102 ms.

Q: A soil strata can be described as 6 meters of sand underlain by 4 meters of clay with the water…

A: Coefficient of compressibility: It is defined as the decreasing void ratio per unit increase in the…

Q: A 3 meter thick clay layer (pore water flowing in both directions) saturated with water loaded with…

A: The answer is found to be Coefficient of consolidation Cv=0.01272 m^2/day  For explanation please…

Q: 4. A soil strata can be described as 6 meters of sand underlain by 4 meters of clay with the water…

A: Given Data:H0=4mδsand,dry=14 kn/m3δsand,sat=18 kn/m3δclay,sat=19 kn/m3Void ratio=0.8Liquid…

Q: The figure below gives the plot of void ratio versus pressure data from a consolidation test. 0.90…

A: Draw the figure.

Q: A buried saturated clay layer 8 ft thick is bounded on top by a layer of granular soil having a high…

A: The given data is shown below:

Q: A compressible, normally consolidated clay layer is 6 ft thick and the slope of its field…

A:

Q: a consoli 80 to 0.70 O kN/m² tc dex?

A:

Q: 1.5m thick clay layer commences at a depth of approximately 2.5m below the ground surface and it is…

A: Given: Thickness of clay layer =1.5mCoefficient of consolidation = 4mm2/minNote that the depth of…

Q: Assuming the bedrock is impermeable, determine the time it took the clay layer to reach 90%…

A:

Q: The old building (A) is to be removed and replaced by a new building (B), as shown in the Figure.…

A:

Q: Assume that an area is underlain by a stratum of compressible soil 5.3 m thick. The weight of the…

A: Given: The thickness of the soil is 5.3 m. The CV value is 0.4 m2/month. The settlement caused by…

Q: exploratory drill hole was made in a stiff saturated clay (Gs = 2.72, and w = 35%). The sand layer…

A:

Q: A buried clay layer ten feet thick is sandwiched between strata free draining granular soil so that…

A:

Q: soil strata can be described as 6 meters of sand underlain by 4 meters of clay with the water table…

A:

Q: fective overburden pressure is 3.0 tons/ft^2, what is the primary consolidation ilding is 3.8…

A:

Q: A soil strata can be described as 6 meters of sand underlain by 4 meters of clay with the water…

A:

Q: A clay layer 10m thick that drains at the top only settled 9cm in 3.5 yrs. Given cv = 0.544x10-2…

A: Consolidation is the process of removal of water from the soil by applying pressure on the soil.…

Q: A saturated clay stratum draining both at the top and bottom undergoes 50% consolidation in 16 years…

A: Given data- A saturated clay stratum- Double side drainage at top & bottom- 50% consolidation in…

Q: Q2) A temporary fill of 253 kN/m² was placed on the surface of the soil shown in figure below. After…

A: Given a surcharge of 253 kN/m3 is placed on the soil surface and the diameter of the circular…

Q: A compressible, overconsolidated clay layer is 4 ft thick and the slope of its field consolidation…

A: Thickness of clay layer, Compression index, Initial void ratio, Effective overburden pressure,…

Q: What will be the consolidation settlement after 3 years ( 1 yr = 365 days)?  b) Estimate the time it…

A:

Q: 1. A soil profile for an office building foundation is on a sand layer of 10.4 meters, which is…

A: The process of soil consolidation occurs when the volume of a saturated (partially or totally…

Q: 7.20 A saturated clay stratum draining both at the top and bottom undergoes 50 per cent…

A:

Q: At a planned construction site, a 2-m-thick buried clay layer lies beneath a surficial stratum of…

A: Given data: (a) The formula of time factor is given by,

Methods to Determine Vertical Stress

The load applied to the soil is transferred to the underground. The presence of water at soil pores and solid grains above the soil are the primary components that are responsible for the effective load transfer. Due to the load acting, the internal component of the soil or the underground formations undergoes deformations or a tectonic shift. The amount of deformation depends upon the amount of load acting on the soil surface, which indeed, depends on the weight of everything present above the soil. Due to this, the underground soil element develops internal stresses which try to resist the tectonic changes.