A buried clay layer ten feet thick is sandwiched between strata free draining granular soil so that double drainage during consolidation can occur calculations indicate that due to a planned building loading, an ultimate settlement of 2 inches is expected as a result of compression in the clay layer. The coefficient of consolidation for the clay layer is 0.01 ft.2/day. a) How long will it take for 90 % of the estimated settlement to take place ? b) How much settlement, H, will occur in one year %? c) How long will it take for an inch of settlement to take place ?

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Calculation of Settlement

The vertical displacement of the structural foundation due to the loading from the superstructure is known as settlement. It is due to the reduction of air voids present in the soil. The amount of vertical displacement depends on the bearing capacity of the soil on which the foundation is laid. The effect of the settlement depends on the magnitude of settlement, uniformity, and the structural design of the structure. The maximum allowable settlement for residential and office buildings should be less than 18 mm, for industrial buildings, it is 38 mm and for commercial buildings, it is 25 mm.