n 2002​, a reproductive clinic reported 47 live births to 161 women under the age of​ 38, but only 9 live births for 77 clients aged 38 and older. Is there evidence of a difference in the effectiveness of the​ clinic's methods for older​ women? Complete parts a through c. Use α=0.05.   ​a) Was this an​ experiment? Explain.   This was not   an experiment because each individual in the study was placed in a group based on observation.   ​b) Test an appropriate hypothesis and state your conclusion in context. Write the hypotheses.   H0​: The proportion of live births for women under the age of 38 is the same as   the proportion for women aged 38 and​ older; that​ is, p1−p2 equals=   ​0, where p1 is the population proportion of live births for women under the age of​ 38, and p2 is the population proportion of live births for women ages 38 and older. HA​: The proportion of live births for women under the age of 38 is different from   the proportion for women aged 38 and​ older; that​ is, p1−p2 not equals≠

Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897, 0079039898, 2018
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Chapter10: Statistics
Section10.6: Summarizing Categorical Data
Problem 10CYU
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Question
In
2002​,
a reproductive clinic reported
47
live births to
161
women under the age of​ 38, but only
9
live births for
77
clients aged 38 and older. Is there evidence of a difference in the effectiveness of the​ clinic's methods for older​ women? Complete parts a through c. Use
α=0.05.
 
​a) Was this an​ experiment? Explain.
 
This
was not
 
an experiment because each individual in the study was placed in a group based on
observation.
 
​b) Test an appropriate hypothesis and state your conclusion in context. Write the hypotheses.
 
H0​:
The proportion of live births for women under the age of 38 is
the same as
 
the proportion for women aged 38 and​ older; that​ is,
p1−p2
equals=
 
​0,
where
p1
is the population proportion of live births for women under the age of​ 38, and
p2
is the population proportion of live births for women ages 38 and older.
HA​:
The proportion of live births for women under the age of 38 is
different from
 
the proportion for women aged 38 and​ older; that​ is,
p1−p2
not equals≠
 
​0,
where
p1
is the population proportion of live births for women under the age of​ 38, and
p2
is the population proportion of live births for women ages 38 and older.
The test statistic is
z=2.982.98.
​(Round to two decimal places as​ needed.)
The​ P-value is
0.0030.003.
​(Round to three decimal places as​ needed.)
Write your conclusion.
 
Reject
 
H0.
The data
provide
 
sufficient evidence to conclude that the proportion of live births for women under age 38 is
different from
 
the proportion for women aged 38 and older.
​c) If you concluded there was a​ difference, estimate that difference with a confidence interval and interpret your interval in context.
 
 
A.
There is
95​%
confidence that the proportion of successful live births at the clinic is between
0.0750.075
and
0.2750.275
greater for mothers under the age of 38.
​(Round to three decimal places as​ needed.)
 
B.
The conclusion was that there was no difference.
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