Most probable distance from nucleus - 0,5 Å Most probable distance from nucleus - 3 Å Node 1s 2s 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Distance from the nucleus, r (Å) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Distance from the nucleus, r (Å) A Figure 6.19 Radial probability functions for the 1s, 2s, and 3s orbitals of hydrogen. These plots show the probability of finding the electron as a function of distance from the nucleus. As n increases, the most likely distance at which to find the electron (the highest peak) moves farther from the nucleus. Probability Probability

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Techniques and applications of quantum theory

Quantum theory, often known as quantum physics, is the foundation of modern physics and encompasses the nature and behavior of matter and energy at the atomic and molecular levels. As the exact nature and behavior of atomic and subatomic particles are impossible to determine, the laws of classical physics do not apply to this discipline. As a result, quantum field theory is primarily based on assumptions and probabilities.