McCullough Regional Medical Centre uses a job-order costing system to assign costs to its patients. Its direct materials include a variety of items such as pharmaceutical drugs, heart valves, artificial hips, and pacemakers. Its direct labour costs (e.g., surgeons, anesthesiologists, radiologists, and nurses) associated with specific surgical procedures and tests are traced to individual patients. All other costs, such as depreciation of medical equipment, insurance, utilities, incidental medical supplies, and the labour costs associated with around-the-clock monitoring of patients are treated as overhead costs. Historically, McCullough has used one predetermined overhead rate based on the number of patient-days (each night that a patient spends in the hospital counts as one patient-day) to allocate overhead costs to patients. Recently a member of the hospital's accounting staff has suggested using two predetermined overhead rates (allocated based on the number of patient-days) to improve the accuracy of the costs allocated to patients. The first overhead rate would include all overhead costs within the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and the second overhead rate would include all Other overhead costs. Information pertaining to the hospital's estimated number of patient-days, its estimated overhead costs, and two of its patients --Patient A and Patient B-is provided below: ICU Other Estimated number of patient-days 1,650 34,680 Estimated fixed overhead cost $ 2,858,000 $8,560,020 Estimated variable overhead cost per patient-day $ 420 $ 50 Patient A Patient B Direct materials $ 2,500 $ 8,480 Direct labour $ 27,310 $ 19,070 Total number of patient days (including ICU) 20 20 Number of patient days spent in ICU 0 10 Required: 1. Assuming McCullough calculates two overhead rates as recommended by the staff accountant, calculate: The ICU and Other overhead rates. The total cost, including direct materials, direct labour, and applied overhead, assigned to Patient A and Patient B. 2. Assuming McCullough continues to use only one predetermined overhead rate, calculate The predetermined overhead rate. The total cost, including direct materials, direct labour, and applied overhead, assigned to Patient A and Patient B. (Round your intermediate calculations and final answers to 2 decimal places.)
Process Costing
Process costing is a sort of operation costing which is employed to determine the value of a product at each process or stage of producing process, applicable where goods produced from a series of continuous operations or procedure.
Job Costing
Job costing is adhesive costs of each and every job involved in the production processes. It is an accounting measure. It is a method which determines the cost of specific jobs, which are performed according to the consumer’s specifications. Job costing is possible only in businesses where the production is done as per the customer’s requirement. For example, some customers order to manufacture furniture as per their needs.
ABC Costing
Cost Accounting is a form of managerial accounting that helps the company in assessing the total variable cost so as to compute the cost of production. Cost accounting is generally used by the management so as to ensure better decision-making. In comparison to financial accounting, cost accounting has to follow a set standard ad can be used flexibly by the management as per their needs. The types of Cost Accounting include – Lean Accounting, Standard Costing, Marginal Costing and Activity Based Costing.
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
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