May 1 Prepaid rent for three months, $2,400. 5 Received and paid electricity bill, $700. 9 Received cash for meals served to customers, $2,600. 14 Paid cash for kitchen equipment, $3,000. 23 Served a banquet on account, $2,800. 31 Made the adjusting entry for rent (from May 1). 31 Accrued salary expense, $1,600. Recorded depreciation for May on kitchen equipment, $50. 31 Amount of Revenue (Expense) for May Date Cash Basis Amount of Revenue (Expense) Accrual Basis Amount of Revenue (Expense) May 1 $(2,400) $0
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
Comparing cash and accrual basis accounting and applying the revenue recognition principle and the matching principle
Chet’s Catering completed the following selected transactions during May 2018:
Requirements
- Show whether each transaction would be handled as a revenue or an expense using both the cash basis and accrual basis accounting systems by completing the following table. (Expenses should be shown in parentheses.) Also, indicate the dollar amount of the revenue or expense. The May 1 transaction has been completed as an example.
- After completing the table, calculate the amount of net income or net loss for Chef’s Catering under the accrual basis and cash basis accounting systems for May.
- Considering your results from Requirement 2, which method gives the best picture of the true earnings of Chef’s Catering? Why?
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