Marginal social cost, marginal social benefit $25 22 20 17 15 12 10 7 52 MSC X MSB 1 L 35 40 45 50 55 1 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Quantity of pollution emissions (tons) (Figure: Efficiency and Pollution) The socially optimal quantity of pollution is: O 0 tons. O 20 tons. O 30 tons. 45 tons.

Marginal social cost, marginal social benefit $25 22 20 17 15 12 10 7 52 MSC X MSB 1 L 35 40 45 50 55 1 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Quantity of pollution emissions (tons) (Figure: Efficiency and Pollution) The socially optimal quantity of pollution is: O 0 tons. O 20 tons. O 30 tons. 45 tons.

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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43. A city currently emits 16 million gallons (MG) of raw sewage into a lake that is beside the city. Table 12.13 shows the total costs (TC) in thousands of dollars of cleaning up the sewage to different levels, together with the total benefits (TB) of doing so. Benefits include environmental, recreational, health, and industrial benefits. TC TB 16 MG Current Current 12 MG 50 800 8 MG 150 1300 4 MG 500 1850 O MG 1200 2000 Table 12.13 a. Using the information in Table 12.13 calculate the marginal costs and marginal benefits of reducing sewage emissions for this city. b. What is the optimal level of sewage for this city? How can you tell?
Only typed answer You are an industry analyst that specializes in an industry where the market inverse demand is P = 100 - 3Q. The external marginal cost of producing the product is MCExternal = 6Q, and the internal cost is MCInternal = 14Q. Instruction: Round your answers to the nearest two decimal places. a. What is the socially efficient level of output? units b. Given these costs and market demand, how much output would a competitive industry produce? units c. Given these costs and market demand, how much output would a monopolist produce? units d. Which of the following are actions the government could take to induce firms in this industry to produce the socially efficient level of output. Instructions: You may select more than one answer. Click the box with a check mark for the correct answers and click twice to empty the box for the wrong answers. You must click to select or deselect each option in order to receive full credit. Pollution taxes…
500 450 The graph on the right may help in answering question 25 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 O 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 Quantity Demand MC Exter nality MC private MC Social A competitive tire manufacturing industry spews emissions into the air at47 per tire a marginal cost of 1.5-q, where q is the quantity of tires produced per month (in thousands). The industry marginal cost, excluding the cost of emissions (private marginal cost), is 4 + 4•q, expressed in $ per tire. The inverse demand curve for tires is p = 480 - 3-q, also expressed in $ per tire. In order to achieve the socially efficient level of tire production, which takes into account the optimal level of air pollution, the government levies a tax on the industry. What is the efficient pollution tax? $84 per tire $101 per tire $152 per tire Price
4 This is a graph reprinted from Section 12.1 the Economics of Pollution. Please explain the graph with particular attention paid to why there are two supply curves. How can a government use this graph to establish pollution controls?
Demand BA Quantity Refer to Externality graph above. Point A is the current equilibrium level of output of this product and point B is the socially optimal level of output for the society. S is the supply curve that includes private costs. St is the supply curve that includes public costs. The graph indicates that there is (arc): O a. positive externalities from product production. O b. spillover costs from the production of this product. Oc. spillover benefits to the production of this product. O d. an underallocation of resources to product production. Price %24
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A profit-maximizing firm operating two factories currently emits 10 tons of pollution. Marginal private benefit of each ton emitted at each factory is listed in the table below. If it must reduce pollution by 6 tons, how many tons would it continue to emit from Factory B? Marginal Private Benefit Factory B $14 $12 $9 Factory A $20 Ton $18 $15 $11 $7 3 4 $6 $3
2. Study Questions and Problems #2 Suppose a car sells for $21,000 in a market with no pollution restrictions. When there are pollution restrictions, the car will sell for $21,000.
5. Which of the following best describes the issuance of permits to pollute as a way of influencing the amount of pollution? Permits to pollute: a. encourage business to pollute.b. should be purchased by those whose pollution is the least expensive to eliminate.c. should be purchased by those whose pollution is the most expensive to eliminate.d. are preferable over taxes because they can be limited to exactly the efficient amount of pollution.
IMPORTANT: ENTER DWL AS A POSITIVE NUMBER. The marginal private benefit (MPB) a firm receives for each of up to 8 tons of pollution is given in the table. It does not incur any marginal cost for any ton it emits, and rationally chooses how many of these 8 tons to emit. Each ton emitted imposes a societal cost of $53. MPB of each possible ton of pollution. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 MPB $76 $63 $42 $24 $9 $0 $0 $0] Assume a perfectly competitive market for tradable pollution permits, where each permit allows a firm to emit one ton of pollution. The firm currently has 6 pollution permits. If the market price for a pollution permit is $31.50, how many tons does the firm emit?