Many people believe that criminals who plead guilty tend to get lighter sentences than those who are convicted in trials. The accompanying table summarizes randomly selected sample data for defendants in burglary cases. All of the subjects had prior prison sentences. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the sentence (sent to prison or not sent to prison) is independent of the plea If you were an attorney defending a guilty defendant, would these results suggest that you should encourage a guilty plea? Click the icon to view the table. OC. Ho: Pleading guilty reduces a defendant's chance of going to prison. H₁: Pleading guilty does not reduce a defendant's chance of going to prison. OD. Ho: The sentence (sent to prison or not sent to prison) is not independent of the plea H, The sentence (sent to prison or not sent to prison) is independent of the plea Determine the test statistic (Round to three decimal places as needed.) Determine the P-value of the test statistic P-value (Round to four decimal places as needed.) Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the sentence (sent to prison or not sent to prison) is independent of the plea. If you were an attorney defending a guilty defendant, would these results suggest that you should encourage a guilty plea? OA. There is sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the sentence is independent of the plea. The results do not encourage pleas for guilty defendants. OB. There is sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the sentence is independent of the plea. The results encourage pleas for guilty defendants. OC. There is not sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the sentence is independent of the plea. The results encourage pleas for guilty defendants. OD. There is not sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the sentence is independent of the plea. The regula do not encourage pleas for quilty defendants

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Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
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### Sentencing Outcomes Based on Pleas

This table provides a summary of sentencing outcomes for individuals based on their plea (Guilty or Not Guilty). The data is categorized into those who were sent to prison and those who were not.

#### Sentencing Data Breakdown

| Outcome              | Guilty Plea | Not Guilty Plea |
|----------------------|-------------|-----------------|
| **Sent to Prison**   | 400         | 66              |
| **Not Sent to Prison** | 588         | 48              |

- **Sent to Prison:** This row indicates the number of individuals who were sentenced to prison based on their plea:
  - **Guilty Plea:** 400 individuals who pleaded guilty were sent to prison.
  - **Not Guilty Plea:** 66 individuals who pleaded not guilty were sent to prison.

- **Not Sent to Prison:** This row shows the number of individuals who were not sentenced to prison based on their plea:
  - **Guilty Plea:** 588 individuals who pleaded guilty were not sent to prison.
  - **Not Guilty Plea:** 48 individuals who pleaded not guilty were not sent to prison.

### Print and Done Options
At the bottom of the table, there are two buttons labeled "Print" and "Done," allowing users to either print the information or mark the task as completed.
Transcribed Image Text:### Sentencing Outcomes Based on Pleas This table provides a summary of sentencing outcomes for individuals based on their plea (Guilty or Not Guilty). The data is categorized into those who were sent to prison and those who were not. #### Sentencing Data Breakdown | Outcome | Guilty Plea | Not Guilty Plea | |----------------------|-------------|-----------------| | **Sent to Prison** | 400 | 66 | | **Not Sent to Prison** | 588 | 48 | - **Sent to Prison:** This row indicates the number of individuals who were sentenced to prison based on their plea: - **Guilty Plea:** 400 individuals who pleaded guilty were sent to prison. - **Not Guilty Plea:** 66 individuals who pleaded not guilty were sent to prison. - **Not Sent to Prison:** This row shows the number of individuals who were not sentenced to prison based on their plea: - **Guilty Plea:** 588 individuals who pleaded guilty were not sent to prison. - **Not Guilty Plea:** 48 individuals who pleaded not guilty were not sent to prison. ### Print and Done Options At the bottom of the table, there are two buttons labeled "Print" and "Done," allowing users to either print the information or mark the task as completed.
### Understanding the Impact of Plea Decisions on Sentencing in Burglary Cases

Many people believe that criminals who plead guilty tend to get lighter sentences than those who are convicted in trials. The accompanying table summarizes randomly selected sample data for defendants in burglary cases. All of the subjects had prior prison sentences. Using a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the sentence (sent to prison or not sent to prison) is independent of the plea, we explore the following question:

*If you were an attorney defending a guilty defendant, would these results suggest that you should encourage a guilty plea?*

**Table Data Analysis:**
To access the table data, click on the corresponding icon.

#### Hypotheses:
To begin, we need to identify our null and alternative hypotheses:
- **\( H_0 \)**: Pleading guilty does not reduce a defendant's chance of going to prison.
- **\( H_1 \)**: Pleading guilty reduces a defendant's chance of going to prison.

**Or**
- **\( H_0 \)**: The sentence (sent to prison or not sent to prison) is not independent of the plea.
- **\( H_1 \)**: The sentence (sent to prison or not sent to prison) is independent of the plea.

#### Steps to Determine Test Statistics:
1. **Calculate the Test Statistic**: Round to three decimal places as needed.
2. **Determine the P-Value**: Round to four decimal places as needed.

#### Making a Conclusion:
Using a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the sentence (sent to prison or not sent to prison) is independent of the plea, select the appropriate conclusion:

- **A.** There is sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the sentence is independent of the plea. The results do not encourage pleas for guilty defendants.
- **B.** There is sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the sentence is independent of the plea. The results encourage pleas for guilty defendants.
- **C.** There is not sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the sentence is independent of the plea. The results encourage pleas for guilty defendants.
- **D.** There is not sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the sentence is independent of the plea. The results do not encourage pleas for guilty defendants.

### Analysis and Conclusion:
Carefully analyze the data and calculations to determine the appropriate hypothesis and conclusion. This
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding the Impact of Plea Decisions on Sentencing in Burglary Cases Many people believe that criminals who plead guilty tend to get lighter sentences than those who are convicted in trials. The accompanying table summarizes randomly selected sample data for defendants in burglary cases. All of the subjects had prior prison sentences. Using a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the sentence (sent to prison or not sent to prison) is independent of the plea, we explore the following question: *If you were an attorney defending a guilty defendant, would these results suggest that you should encourage a guilty plea?* **Table Data Analysis:** To access the table data, click on the corresponding icon. #### Hypotheses: To begin, we need to identify our null and alternative hypotheses: - **\( H_0 \)**: Pleading guilty does not reduce a defendant's chance of going to prison. - **\( H_1 \)**: Pleading guilty reduces a defendant's chance of going to prison. **Or** - **\( H_0 \)**: The sentence (sent to prison or not sent to prison) is not independent of the plea. - **\( H_1 \)**: The sentence (sent to prison or not sent to prison) is independent of the plea. #### Steps to Determine Test Statistics: 1. **Calculate the Test Statistic**: Round to three decimal places as needed. 2. **Determine the P-Value**: Round to four decimal places as needed. #### Making a Conclusion: Using a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the sentence (sent to prison or not sent to prison) is independent of the plea, select the appropriate conclusion: - **A.** There is sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the sentence is independent of the plea. The results do not encourage pleas for guilty defendants. - **B.** There is sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the sentence is independent of the plea. The results encourage pleas for guilty defendants. - **C.** There is not sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the sentence is independent of the plea. The results encourage pleas for guilty defendants. - **D.** There is not sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the sentence is independent of the plea. The results do not encourage pleas for guilty defendants. ### Analysis and Conclusion: Carefully analyze the data and calculations to determine the appropriate hypothesis and conclusion. This
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