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MANIA How was this a cause of World War I? Militarism Alliances Italy Austria (Hungary France Germany he Ottoma Empire Britain Nationalism AUSTRIA-HUNGARY ROMANIA VINIOR HABIA SUEGARIA Imperialism Russia

MANIA How was this a cause of World War I? Militarism Alliances Italy Austria (Hungary France Germany he Ottoma Empire Britain Nationalism AUSTRIA-HUNGARY ROMANIA VINIOR HABIA SUEGARIA Imperialism Russia

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Describe how the following were causes of World War I:
How was this a cause of World War I? MANIA Militarism Alliances Ohe ance Ohe ans Italy France Germany Britain DA Nationalism AUSTRIA-HUNGARY SULGARI. Imperialism AFRICA ot AFRICA Assassination of Franz Ferdinand This text 'Causes of WWr is a revised of "Patterns of Interactions" by McDougal Littell and "Traditions and Encounters" by Jerry H. Bentley. Achievement First does not own the copyright in Patterns of Interactions and Traditions and Encounters and claims no copyright in this material. The material is being used exclusively for non-profit educational purposes under fair use principles in U.S. Copyright law. The user should make the judgment about whether this material may be used under fair use / fair dealing permissions in the user's country. Russia
Transcribed Image Text:How was this a cause of World War I? MANIA Militarism Alliances Ohe ance Ohe ans Italy France Germany Britain DA Nationalism AUSTRIA-HUNGARY SULGARI. Imperialism AFRICA ot AFRICA Assassination of Franz Ferdinand This text 'Causes of WWr is a revised of "Patterns of Interactions" by McDougal Littell and "Traditions and Encounters" by Jerry H. Bentley. Achievement First does not own the copyright in Patterns of Interactions and Traditions and Encounters and claims no copyright in this material. The material is being used exclusively for non-profit educational purposes under fair use principles in U.S. Copyright law. The user should make the judgment about whether this material may be used under fair use / fair dealing permissions in the user's country. Russia
At the turn of the 20th century, the nations of Europe had been largely at peace with one another for nearly 30 years. This was no accident. Efforts to outlaw war and achieve a permanent peace had been gaining momentum in Europe since the middle of the 19th century. Some Europeans believed that progress had made war a thing of the past. While peace and harmony characterized much of Europe at the beginning of the 1900s, there were less visible-and darker-forces at work as well. Below the surface of peace and goodwill, Europe witnessed several gradual developments that would ultimately help propel the continent into war. The Rise of Nationalism: One such development was the growth of nationalism, or a deep devotion to one's nation. Nationalism can serve as a unifying force within a country. However, it also can cause intense competition among nations, with each seeking to overpower the other. By the turn of the 20th century, a fierce rivalry indeed had developed among Europe's Great Powers. Those nations were Germany, Austria-Hungary, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, and France. This increasing rivalry among European nations stemmed from several sources. Competition for materials and markets was one. Territorial disputes were another. France, for example, had never gotten ower the loss of Alsace-Lorraine to Germany in the Franco-Prussian War (1870). Austria-Hungary and Russia both tried to dominate in the Balkans, a region in southeast Europe. Within the Balkans, the intense nationalism of Serbs, Bulgarians, Romanians, and other ethnic groups led to demands for independence. Imperialism: Another force that helped set the stage for war in Europe was imperialism. The nations of Europe competed fiercely for colonies in Africa (Scramble for Africa) and Asia. The quest for colonies sometimes pushed European nations to the brink of war. As European countries continued to compete for overseas empires, their sense of rivalry and mistrust of one another deepened. Militarism: Yet another troubling development throughout the early years of the 20th century was the rise of a dangerous European arms (weapon) race. The nations of Europe believed that to be truly great, they needed to have a powerful military. By 1914, all the Great Powers except Britain had large standing armies. In addition, military experts stressed the importance of being able to quickly mobilize, or organize and move troops in case of a war. Generals in each country developed highly detailed plans for such a mobilization. The policy of glorifying military power and keeping an army prepared for war was known as militarism. Having a large and strong standing army made citizens feel Copyright Achievement First. Unless otherwise noted, all of the content in this resource is licensed under a Coatie Cammens Atikution letanational A0 (C B) license *Standing armies' refers to permanent armies with paid professional solders even during times of peace, lke many countries in the world have today. Previously, some states only had soldiers that were called into action during warfare or a more informal militia for defense. patriotic. Alliances: The Triple Alliance, also known as the Central Powers, grew out of the close relationship that developed between the leaders of Germany and Austria-Hungary. In 1879 the governments of the two empires formed the Dual Alliance, a defensive pact that ensured they would help protect each other from a Russian attack. Fear of a hostile France motivated Germans to enter into this pact. Later, Italy (although they later switched to the Allied powers) the Ottoman Empire also joined this alliance. The Central Powers sought to protect OThe Triple Entente OThe Triple Aliance OThe Balkans the political status quo in Europe, but Italy 1862 Hungary 879 Austria the leaders of other nations viewed this new alliance of power with suspicion. This response was especially true of French leaders, who neither forgot nor forgave France's humiliating defeat during the Franco-Prussian War of France Germany 1904 1870-1871. The Ottoman Empire Britain DAid Treaty DAlliance The tsarist regime of Russia was equally disturbed by the new alignment of powers, especially by Germany's support of Austria. British leaders were traditionally suspicious of any nation that seemed to threaten the balance of power on the Continent. The result was the Triple Entente, a combination of nations commonly referred to as the Allies. The Triple Entente originated in a series of agreements between Britain and France (1904) and between Britain and Russia (1907) that aimed to resolve colonial disputes. The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand: The ethnic groups in the border regions of the Ottoman Empire near Europe had fought for and declared their independence from the Ottomans. They formed new nations in a region called the Balkans. Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, Romania, and Serbia (whose people were ethnic Slaves). European states looking to expand sought intervene in these newly independent states. Russia, who had ethnic Slavs in their population, supported Serbian independence. Austria-Hungary opposed it because it feared independence movements within their own Slavic populations (remember from earlier periods how independence movements then triggered other independence movements). Therefore, Austria-Hungary took over the newly independent state of Bosnia and Herzegovina and expanded its own power. Leaders of Serbia (remember, who had a Slavic population similar to Bosnia) were outraged. In the years that followed, tensions between Serbia and Austria steadily rose. The Serbs continually vowed to take Bosnia and Herzegovina away from Austria. In response, Austria-Hungary vowed to crush any Serbian effort to undermine its authority in the Balkans. Into this poisoned atmosphere of mutual dislike and mistrust stepped the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, and his wife, Sophie. On June 28, 1914, the couple paid a state visit to Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia. It would be their last. The royal pair was shot at point-blank range as they rode through the streets of Sarajevo in an open car. The killer was Gavrilo Princip, a 19-year-old Serbian and member of the Black Hand. The Black Hand was a secret society committed to ridding Bosnia of Austrian rule. Because the assassin was a Serbian, Austria decided to use the murders as an excuse to punish Serbia. Austria-Hungary and Serbia could not agree on peace terms. That same day, Russia, an ally of Serbia with its largely Slavic population, took action. Russian leaders ordered the mobilization of troops toward the Austrian border. Leaders all over Europe suddenly took notice. The fragile European Russia
Transcribed Image Text:At the turn of the 20th century, the nations of Europe had been largely at peace with one another for nearly 30 years. This was no accident. Efforts to outlaw war and achieve a permanent peace had been gaining momentum in Europe since the middle of the 19th century. Some Europeans believed that progress had made war a thing of the past. While peace and harmony characterized much of Europe at the beginning of the 1900s, there were less visible-and darker-forces at work as well. Below the surface of peace and goodwill, Europe witnessed several gradual developments that would ultimately help propel the continent into war. The Rise of Nationalism: One such development was the growth of nationalism, or a deep devotion to one's nation. Nationalism can serve as a unifying force within a country. However, it also can cause intense competition among nations, with each seeking to overpower the other. By the turn of the 20th century, a fierce rivalry indeed had developed among Europe's Great Powers. Those nations were Germany, Austria-Hungary, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, and France. This increasing rivalry among European nations stemmed from several sources. Competition for materials and markets was one. Territorial disputes were another. France, for example, had never gotten ower the loss of Alsace-Lorraine to Germany in the Franco-Prussian War (1870). Austria-Hungary and Russia both tried to dominate in the Balkans, a region in southeast Europe. Within the Balkans, the intense nationalism of Serbs, Bulgarians, Romanians, and other ethnic groups led to demands for independence. Imperialism: Another force that helped set the stage for war in Europe was imperialism. The nations of Europe competed fiercely for colonies in Africa (Scramble for Africa) and Asia. The quest for colonies sometimes pushed European nations to the brink of war. As European countries continued to compete for overseas empires, their sense of rivalry and mistrust of one another deepened. Militarism: Yet another troubling development throughout the early years of the 20th century was the rise of a dangerous European arms (weapon) race. The nations of Europe believed that to be truly great, they needed to have a powerful military. By 1914, all the Great Powers except Britain had large standing armies. In addition, military experts stressed the importance of being able to quickly mobilize, or organize and move troops in case of a war. Generals in each country developed highly detailed plans for such a mobilization. The policy of glorifying military power and keeping an army prepared for war was known as militarism. Having a large and strong standing army made citizens feel Copyright Achievement First. Unless otherwise noted, all of the content in this resource is licensed under a Coatie Cammens Atikution letanational A0 (C B) license *Standing armies' refers to permanent armies with paid professional solders even during times of peace, lke many countries in the world have today. Previously, some states only had soldiers that were called into action during warfare or a more informal militia for defense. patriotic. Alliances: The Triple Alliance, also known as the Central Powers, grew out of the close relationship that developed between the leaders of Germany and Austria-Hungary. In 1879 the governments of the two empires formed the Dual Alliance, a defensive pact that ensured they would help protect each other from a Russian attack. Fear of a hostile France motivated Germans to enter into this pact. Later, Italy (although they later switched to the Allied powers) the Ottoman Empire also joined this alliance. The Central Powers sought to protect OThe Triple Entente OThe Triple Aliance OThe Balkans the political status quo in Europe, but Italy 1862 Hungary 879 Austria the leaders of other nations viewed this new alliance of power with suspicion. This response was especially true of French leaders, who neither forgot nor forgave France's humiliating defeat during the Franco-Prussian War of France Germany 1904 1870-1871. The Ottoman Empire Britain DAid Treaty DAlliance The tsarist regime of Russia was equally disturbed by the new alignment of powers, especially by Germany's support of Austria. British leaders were traditionally suspicious of any nation that seemed to threaten the balance of power on the Continent. The result was the Triple Entente, a combination of nations commonly referred to as the Allies. The Triple Entente originated in a series of agreements between Britain and France (1904) and between Britain and Russia (1907) that aimed to resolve colonial disputes. The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand: The ethnic groups in the border regions of the Ottoman Empire near Europe had fought for and declared their independence from the Ottomans. They formed new nations in a region called the Balkans. Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, Romania, and Serbia (whose people were ethnic Slaves). European states looking to expand sought intervene in these newly independent states. Russia, who had ethnic Slavs in their population, supported Serbian independence. Austria-Hungary opposed it because it feared independence movements within their own Slavic populations (remember from earlier periods how independence movements then triggered other independence movements). Therefore, Austria-Hungary took over the newly independent state of Bosnia and Herzegovina and expanded its own power. Leaders of Serbia (remember, who had a Slavic population similar to Bosnia) were outraged. In the years that followed, tensions between Serbia and Austria steadily rose. The Serbs continually vowed to take Bosnia and Herzegovina away from Austria. In response, Austria-Hungary vowed to crush any Serbian effort to undermine its authority in the Balkans. Into this poisoned atmosphere of mutual dislike and mistrust stepped the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, and his wife, Sophie. On June 28, 1914, the couple paid a state visit to Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia. It would be their last. The royal pair was shot at point-blank range as they rode through the streets of Sarajevo in an open car. The killer was Gavrilo Princip, a 19-year-old Serbian and member of the Black Hand. The Black Hand was a secret society committed to ridding Bosnia of Austrian rule. Because the assassin was a Serbian, Austria decided to use the murders as an excuse to punish Serbia. Austria-Hungary and Serbia could not agree on peace terms. That same day, Russia, an ally of Serbia with its largely Slavic population, took action. Russian leaders ordered the mobilization of troops toward the Austrian border. Leaders all over Europe suddenly took notice. The fragile European Russia
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