**Malonic Ester Synthesis****Question 4:**Write the reactions showing all intermediates when H(COOC₂H₅)₂ (diethyl malonate) is reacted with:1. NaOEt2. Ethyl iodide3. NaOH4. H₃O⁺5. Heat (Δ)**Hint:** Remember that β-keto carboxylic acids undergo decarboxylation (loss of 1 equivalent of CO₂) when strongly heated.---**Explanation:**This question pertains to the malonic ester synthesis, a method used to form substituted acetic acids. The process involves multiple steps:1. **NaOEt (Sodium Ethoxide):** Acts as a base to deprotonate diethyl malonate, forming a carbanion.2. **Ethyl Iodide:** Alkylates the ester via the carbanion, introducing an alkyl group.3. **NaOH (Sodium Hydroxide):** Hydrolyzes the esters to a dicarboxylic acid.4. **H₃O⁺ (Acid):** Protonates the dicarboxylate anion, giving the free diacid form.5. **Heat (Δ):** Causes decarboxylation, resulting in the formation of a β-keto acid that loses CO₂ to form a ketone.These steps illustrate the transformation of diethyl malonate into a substituted acetic acid derivative via decarboxylation.

This is Nucleophilic substitution reaction. NaOEt (sodium ethoxide) is a strong base it abstract…

Malonic ester synthesis 4. Write the reaction showing all intermediates when H₂C(CO₂Et)2 (diethyl malonate) is reacted with NaOEt followed by 1) ethyl iodide; 2) NaOH; 3) H3O*; 4) A. Hint: Remember that B-oxo carboxylic undergo decarboxylation (loss of 1 equivalent of CO₂) when strongly heated. acids

Malonic ester synthesis 4. Write the reaction showing all intermediates when H₂C(CO₂Et)2 (diethyl malonate) is reacted with NaOEt followed by 1) ethyl iodide; 2) NaOH; 3) H3O*; 4) A. Hint: Remember that B-oxo carboxylic undergo decarboxylation (loss of 1 equivalent of CO₂) when strongly heated. acids

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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