1 Basic Concepts About Matter 2 Measurements In Chemistry 3 Atomic Structures And The Periodic Table 4 Chemical Bonding: The Ionic Bond Model 5 Chemical Bonding: The Covalent Bond Model 6 Chemical Calculations: Formula Masses, Moles, And Chemical Equations 7 Gases, Liquids, And Solids 8 Solutions 9 Chemical Reactions 10 Acids, Bases, And Salts 11 Nuclear Chemistry 12 Saturated Hydrocarbons 13 Unsaturated Hydrocarbons 14 Alcohols, Phenols And Ethers 15 Aldehydes And Ketones 16 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, And Other Acid Derivatives 17 Amines And Amides 18 Carbohydrates 19 Lipids 20 Proteins 21 Enzymes And Vitamins 22 Nucleic Acids 23 Biochemical Energy Production 24 Carbohydrate Metabolism 25 Lipid Metabolism 26 Protein Metabolism Chapter19: Lipids
19.1 Structure And Classification Of Lipids 19.2 Types Of Fatty Acids 19.3 Physical Properties Of Fatty Acids 19.4 Energy-storage Lipids: Triacylglycerols 19.5 Dietary Considerations And Triacylglycerols 19.6 Chemical Reactions Of Triacylglycerols 19.7 Membrane Lipids: Phospholipids 19.8 Membrane Lipids: Sphingoglycolipids 19.9 Membrane Lipids: Cholesterol 19.10 Cell Membranes 19.11 Emulsification Lipids: Bile Acids 19.12 Messenger Lipids: Steroid Hormones 19.13 Messenger Lipids: Eicosanoids 19.14 Protective-coating Lipids: Biological Waxes 19.15 Saponifiable And Nonsaponifiable Lipids Chapter Questions Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 19.1EP: Indicate whether each of the following general statements about lipids is true or false. a. Lipids... Problem 19.2EP: Indicate whether each of the following general statements about lipids is true or false. a. The... Problem 19.3EP: Would you expect lipids to be soluble or insoluble in each of the following solvents? a. H2O (polar)... Problem 19.4EP: Would you expect lipids to be soluble or insoluble in each of the following solvents? a.... Problem 19.5EP: What is the biochemical function category for each of the following types of lipids? a.... Problem 19.6EP: What is the biochemical function category for each of the following types of lipids? a.... Problem 19.7EP: Classify each of the following fatty acids as long-chain, medium-chain, or short-chain. a. Myristic... Problem 19.8EP: Classify each of the following fatty acids as long-chain, medium-chain, or short-chain. a. Lauric... Problem 19.9EP: Classify each of the following fatty acids as saturated, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated. a.... Problem 19.10EP: Classify each of the following fatty acids as saturated, monounsalurated, or polyunsaturated. a.... Problem 19.11EP Problem 19.12EP Problem 19.13EP Problem 19.14EP Problem 19.15EP Problem 19.16EP: Classify each of the fatty acids in Problem 19-14 using the omega classification system or indicate... Problem 19.17EP: Draw the condensed structural formula for the fatty acid whose numerical shorthand designation is... Problem 19.18EP: Draw the condensed structural formula for the fatty acid whose numerical shorthand designation is... Problem 19.19EP Problem 19.20EP: Using the information given in Table 19-1, assign an IUPAC name to each of the following fatty... Problem 19.21EP: What is the relationship between carbon chain length and melting point for fatty acids? Problem 19.22EP: What is the relationship between degree of unsaturation and melting point for fatty acids? Problem 19.23EP: What structural change is associated with the introduction of a cis-double bond into a fatty acid... Problem 19.24EP: Why does the introduction of a cis-double bond into a fatty acid molecule lower its melting point? Problem 19.25EP: In each of the following pairs of fatty acids, select the fatty acid that has the lower melting... Problem 19.26EP: In each of the following pairs of fatty acids, select the fatty acid that has the higher melting... Problem 19.27EP: What are the four structural subunits that contribute to the structure of a triacylglycerol? Problem 19.28EP: Draw the general block diagram for a triacylglycerol. Problem 19.29EP Problem 19.30EP Problem 19.31EP: Draw the condensed structural formula of a triacylglycerol formed from glycerol and three molecules... Problem 19.32EP: Draw the condensed structural formula of a triacylglycerol formed from glycerol and three molecules... Problem 19.33EP: Draw block diagram structures for the four different triacylglycerols that can be produced from... Problem 19.34EP: Draw block diagram structures for the three different triacylglycerols that can be produced from... Problem 19.35EP: Identify, by common name, fatty acids present in each of the following triacylglycerols. Problem 19.36EP: Identify, by common name, fatty acids present in each of the following triacylglycerols. Problem 19.37EP Problem 19.38EP Problem 19.39EP Problem 19.40EP Problem 19.41EP Problem 19.42EP Problem 19.43EP Problem 19.44EP Problem 19.45EP Problem 19.46EP Problem 19.47EP: For each of the triacylglycerol molecules in Problem 19-35, indicate how many of each of the... Problem 19.48EP: For each of the triacylglycerol molecules in Problem 19-36, indicate how many of each of the... Problem 19.49EP: What are the general names for the products obtained when a triacylglycerol molecule participates in... Problem 19.50EP: What additional products are formed when a triacyl-glyoerol molecule is converted to each of the... Problem 19.51EP: Classify each of the reaction situations in Problem 19-49 as involving complete hydrolysis or... Problem 19.52EP Problem 19.53EP: Draw condensed structural formulas for all products obtained from the complete hydrolysis of the... Problem 19.54EP: Draw condensed structural formulas for all products obtained from the complete hydrolysis of the... Problem 19.55EP Problem 19.56EP: Draw condensed structural formulas for all products you would obtain from the saponification with... Problem 19.57EP: Why can only unsaturated triacylglycerols undergo hydrogenation? Problem 19.58EP Problem 19.59EP: How many molecules of H2 will react with one molecule of the following triacylglycerol? Problem 19.60EP: How many molecules of H2 will react with one molecule of the following triacylglycerol? Problem 19.61EP Problem 19.62EP Problem 19.63EP Problem 19.64EP Problem 19.65EP Problem 19.66EP Problem 19.67EP Problem 19.68EP Problem 19.69EP: The following is a block diagram for a glycerophospholipid where the building blocks are labeled... Problem 19.70EP Problem 19.71EP Problem 19.72EP Problem 19.73EP Problem 19.74EP: Indicate whether each of the following statements about the amino alcohol ethanolamine is true or... Problem 19.75EP: Based on the head and two tails model for the structure of a glycerophospholipid, classify each of... Problem 19.76EP: Based on the head and two tails model for the structure of a glycerophospholipid, classify each of... Problem 19.77EP Problem 19.78EP Problem 19.79EP Problem 19.80EP Problem 19.81EP Problem 19.82EP Problem 19.83EP Problem 19.84EP Problem 19.85EP: Which of the terms triacylglycerol, glycerophospholipid, and sphingophospholipid applies to each of... Problem 19.86EP Problem 19.87EP Problem 19.88EP: Which of the terms triacylglycerol, glycerophospholipid, and sphingophospholipid applies to each of... Problem 19.89EP Problem 19.90EP Problem 19.91EP Problem 19.92EP Problem 19.93EP Problem 19.94EP Problem 19.95EP Problem 19.96EP Problem 19.97EP: Give numerical answers to the following questions about the structure of a cholesterol molecule. a.... Problem 19.98EP Problem 19.99EP Problem 19.100EP Problem 19.101EP: In a dietary context, what is the difference between good cholesterol and bad cholesterol? Problem 19.102EP Problem 19.103EP Problem 19.104EP Problem 19.105EP: Indicate whether each of the following statements about a lipid bilayer is true or false. a. The... Problem 19.106EP: Indicate whether each of the following statements about a lipid bilayer is true or false. a. The... Problem 19.107EP: What is the function of unsaturation in the hydrocarbon tails of membrane lipids? Problem 19.108EP Problem 19.109EP Problem 19.110EP Problem 19.111EP Problem 19.112EP Problem 19.113EP Problem 19.114EP Problem 19.115EP Problem 19.116EP Problem 19.117EP Problem 19.118EP Problem 19.119EP Problem 19.120EP Problem 19.121EP Problem 19.122EP Problem 19.123EP Problem 19.124EP Problem 19.125EP: What is the medium through which bile acids are supplied to the small intestine? Problem 19.126EP: What is the chemical composition of bile? Problem 19.127EP: At what location in the body are bile acids stored until needed? Problem 19.128EP Problem 19.129EP Problem 19.130EP Problem 19.131EP Problem 19.132EP Problem 19.133EP Problem 19.134EP Problem 19.135EP Problem 19.136EP Problem 19.137EP Problem 19.138EP Problem 19.139EP: Draw the structure of an anabolic steroid with the following structural characteristics: C1 and C2... Problem 19.140EP Problem 19.141EP: What is the major structural difference between a prostaglandin and its parent fatty acid? Problem 19.142EP: What is the major structural difference between a leukotriene and its parent fatty acid? Problem 19.143EP Problem 19.144EP: What structural feature distinguishes a thromboxane from a leukotriene? Problem 19.145EP: Classify each of the following types of lipids as (1) glycerol-based, (2) sphingosine-based, (3)... Problem 19.146EP: Classify each of the following types of lipids as (1) glycerol-based, (2) sphingosine-based, (3)... Problem 19.147EP Problem 19.148EP Problem 19.149EP Problem 19.150EP: Draw the condensed structural formula of a wax formed from palmitic acid (Table 19-1) and cetyl... Problem 19.151EP Problem 19.152EP: Biological waxes have a head and two tails structure. Give the chemical identity of the head and of... Problem 19.153EP: Which of the substance categories biological wax, mineral wax, bile acid, and sphingophospholipid... Problem 19.154EP: Which of the substance categories biological wax, mineral wax, bile acid, and sphingoglycolipid has... Problem 19.155EP Problem 19.156EP Problem 19.157EP Problem 19.158EP: Indicate whether or not each of the following substances contains (1) an ester linkage, (2) an amide... Problem 19.159EP Problem 19.160EP Problem 19.161EP Problem 19.162EP Problem 19.88EP: Which of the terms triacylglycerol, glycerophospholipid, and sphingophospholipid applies to each of...
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Concept explainers
List the unique functional groups present on glycerol, myristic acid, and trimyristin
Definition Definition Group of atoms that shape the chemical characteristics of a molecule. The behavior of a functional group is uniform in undergoing comparable chemical reactions, regardless of the other constituents of the molecule. Functional groups aid in the classification and anticipation of reactivity of organic molecules.
Expert Solution
Functional groups are atoms or groups of atoms which add characteristic features in a compound. For example , compounds with carboxylic acid functional group have acidic nature.
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