Answered: List the 12 cranial nerves and give the…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Question

List the 12 cranial nerves and give the primary sensory,
somatic motor, and/or parasympathetic functions of each.

Expert Solution

Step 1

In human anatomy, the cranial nerves represent a collection of twelve nerves that originate from the brain and perform different functions in the body and these nerves help in the control the muscle movement and also aid in the vision, smell, and hearing process.

Step 2

Olfactory nerve: this nerve has an olfactory receptor that sends an impulse to the cranial cavity. These nerves connect from the frontal lobe to others areas of the brain.
Olfactory nerve: this nerve transmits the information from the brain to the retina and signal caught by the photoreceptors which convert into the visual information.
Oculomotor nerve: this neve helps in the movement of the eye muscle and this nerve help in the involuntary function of the eye.
Trochlear nerve: this nerve is responsible for eye movement. It originates from the midbrain and allows movement inward and downward.
Trigeminal nerve: this nerve is known to be the largest of all the cranial nerves that has both motor and sensory functions in the body. It aids in chewing and clenches the teeth
Abducens nerve: this nerve controls eye function and helps in the lateral rectus muscle. it starts in the pons of the brain and enters the dorello canal
Facial nerve: this nerve help in the movement of the facial expression and taste sensation
Vestibulocochlear nerve: this nerve help the body sense change in position and maintain balance.
Glossopharyngeal nerve: this nerve help in receiving information from the throat, tonsil, and middle ear or tongue.
Vagus nerve: this nerve help in the parasympathetic function that regulates the heart rhythm and it originate from the medulla and ends at the abdomen
Accessory nerve: this nerve help in control the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle that allows the movement of the shoulder
Hypoglossal nerve: this nerve supplies signal to tongue and originate from the medulla.