Let V denote the space of polynomials in x of degree ≤ 3 over a field K. Let v1 =1+x+x2 +x3, v2 =1+2x+3x2, v3 =2+6x, v4 =6. Are the vectors v1, v2, v3, v4 linearly independent over each of K and explain why. (i) K=R; (ii) K = F3, the field of integers mod 3; (iii) K = F5, the field of integers mod 5.

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A: Given: ℝ. To Show: Every subspace of ℝ is either {0} or ℝ.

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Linear Algebra

In mathematics, problems can be solved by the arithmetic operators like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. In algebra, we represent the numbers by any letter called a variable. If these variables are of degree 1, then it is studied under linear algebra. The first-degree equations involving algebraic expressions are called linear equations. That is, if you represent it by drawing a graph you will get a straight line.