Let G be a connected graph of order n and size n. Prove that G contains a single cycle.

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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**Problem Statement**

Let \( G \) be a connected graph of order \( n \) and size \( n \). Prove that \( G \) contains a single cycle.

**Explanation**

In this context:

- A *connected graph* means that there is a path between any two vertices in the graph.
- The *order* of a graph refers to the number of vertices (\( n \)).
- The *size* of a graph refers to the number of edges (\( n \)).

The challenge is to demonstrate that such a graph must have exactly one cycle. This can be shown by noting that a connected graph with \( n \) edges and \( n \) vertices is precisely one cycle more than a tree, which has \( n - 1 \) edges. Since the graph is connected and has \( n \) edges, it cannot have more than one cycle or be acyclic, fulfilling the condition of exactly one cycle.
Transcribed Image Text:**Problem Statement** Let \( G \) be a connected graph of order \( n \) and size \( n \). Prove that \( G \) contains a single cycle. **Explanation** In this context: - A *connected graph* means that there is a path between any two vertices in the graph. - The *order* of a graph refers to the number of vertices (\( n \)). - The *size* of a graph refers to the number of edges (\( n \)). The challenge is to demonstrate that such a graph must have exactly one cycle. This can be shown by noting that a connected graph with \( n \) edges and \( n \) vertices is precisely one cycle more than a tree, which has \( n - 1 \) edges. Since the graph is connected and has \( n \) edges, it cannot have more than one cycle or be acyclic, fulfilling the condition of exactly one cycle.
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