Let a prime attribute be one that appears in at least one candidate key. Let α and β be sets of attributes such that α → β holds, but β → α does not hold. Let A be an attribute that is not in α, is not in β, and for which β → A holds. We say that A is transitively dependent on α. We can restate the definition of 3NF as follows: A relation schema R is in 3NF with respect to a set F of functional dependencies if there are no nonprime attributes A in R for which A is transitively dependent on a key for R. Show that this new definition is equivalent to the original one.

Q: CourseNo

A: Answer is in given below:-

Q: Consider the following relation R with attributes A, B, C, D, and E: R(A, B, C, D, E) Given the…

A: Decomposition of a relation into higher normal forms is a critical step in database design to…

Q: 3. Disprove the following rule: {B > CD, AB → E, E → C} |= {AE → CD} To disprove a rule, construct a…

A:

Q: Consider the set of F of the following functional dependencies on relation R(A, B, C, D, E): AB C…

A:

Q: Consider the relation R = {A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I,J} and the set of functional dependencies F = {…

A: f ={     AB → C,      A → D,      B → F,  F → GH,  D → IJ   } To find the key check the RHS of the…

Q: Let R be a relation on A = {0, 2, 7, 8} and R = {(7, 2), (8, 8), (8,0), (2, 7), (2, 2), (7,0)}. Are…

A: The given relation R is defined on the set A = {0, 2, 7, 8}, and R = {(7, 2), (8, 8), (8, 0), (2,…

Q: Explain the concept of IEEE 802.1Q tagging in VLAN trunking.

A: VLAN trucking relies on IEEE 802.1Q tagging, a protocol that efficiently manages network traffic and…

Q: 3. Meaning of FD Consider R= (ABCDE), F = {A>BC, CD→E, B→ D, E → A}. Assume the domains of all…

A: Given,  R = (ABCDE) A→BC CD→E B→D E→A The domain of all attributes are integers

Q: Consider a relation T on Z where T = (1,1)}. Is T reflexive? Is T symmetric? Is T transitive?…

A: Given a relation T on Z T={(1,1)}   T is not reflexive because Z is integer and has many element so…

Q: a functional dependency α → β on a relation schema R. In which of the following conditions, when…

A: Note: ntrivial is not any term which is used in the functional dependency.So I assume that it is a…

Q: Indicate the properties of each of the following relations. For each relation, indicate whether it…

A: here are the properties of each relation:R is reflexive, symmetric, and transitive.R is…

Q: We studied different properties of relations like reflexive, symmetric, antisymmetric, transitive.…

A: Lets see the solution in the next steps

Q: Let R be a relation on A = (0, 1,7,9). If (7,9) ER, what must NOT be an element of R for R to be…

A: Let R be a relation on A = {0, 1,7,9). If (7,9) ER, what must NOT be an element of R for R to be…

Q: Suppose that R is the following relation on the set A = {1,2,3,4}: R = A × A – {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3,…

A: The Cartesian product is a mathematical operation that takes two sets and creates a new set…

Q: From the given set of functional dependencies,determine that there can be more than one canonical…

A: Functional dependency is a relationship that is shown between two or more attributes of a table.…

Q: 1.) Let R be a relation defined on the set Z by aRb if a < b. What property/properties are violated?…

A: Question 1: The Reflexive Property of a relation states that for every (x,x) belongs to relation R…

Q: Consider a relation schema R = (X, Y, Z) on which the following functional dependencies hold: {XY →…

A: This answer will demonstrate that the given relation schema R = (X, Y, Z) with functional…

Q: Consider a relation schema R = (X, Y, Z) on which the following functional dependencies hold: {XY →…

A: Here in this question we have given a relation schema R = (X, Y, Z) on which the following…

Q: For a given relationship set, R = {A, B, C, D, E, F} and FD : A->B, C->D, E->F . Calculate F+ of A,…

A: Closure of an Attribute: A set of attributes that can be functionally derived from an attribute is…

Q: Let W(A, B) and Q(C,D) be two relation schemas. Let r₁ and r2 be the corresponding relation…

A: In the Referential integrity constraints, if a foreign key in table 1 refers to the primary key of…

Q: Question 5 Let set A = {1, 2, 3} and S is a relation on set A, where S= {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (2,…

A: Relation S is said to be transitive as for a,b,c in A, if (a,b) is in R and (b,c) is in S, then…

Q: a prime attribute be one that appears in at least one candidate key. Let α and β be sets of…

A: To reduce the duplication of data, referential integrity andanomalies the normal forms are used like…

Q: 3. Consider a relation R from X={1,2,3,4} to Y={a,b,c,d). R= {(1,b), (2,c), (2,d), (3,c), (4,a) }…

A: In this question we have to consider the relation R from  X = {1, 2, 3, 4} to Y={a, b, c, d} R =…

Q: Consider the functional dependency of relation R (A, B, C,D) F%3D {A—ВС, В-С, А —В, АВ—D; Compute…

A: Closure Sets Of F+ is all three sets and closure of B+ is second one( in bold) {A}+= {A,B,C,D} {B}+=…

Q: The division operator of relational algebra, “÷”, is defined as follows. Let r(R)and s(S) be…

A: Given: The division operator of relational algebra, “÷”, is defined as follows. Let r(R)and s(S) be…

Q: 3. Suppose you are given a relation R(PQRSM)and the F, the set of functional dependencies that hold…

A: R(P, Q, R, S, M)  PQ -&gt; R PQ -&gt; S R -&gt; P S-&gt;Q (PQ) + ={PQRS} (RS) + ={RSPQ} Therefore…

Q: 1.A known relationship mode of R (U, F), U= (A, B, C, D, E, G); F={AB->C, D->EG, C->A, BE->C, BC->D,…

A: F= AB-&gt;C, D-&gt; EG, C-&gt; A, B -&gt; C, BC -&gt;D, CG-&gt;BD, ACD-&gt;B, CE-&gt;AG   1) let's…

Q: 2.Consider relation R=(A,B,C,D) with the following FDs: B → C, C → D, and D → A a. List all…

A: 2. Given, Relation is R = (A, B, C, D) The set of functional dependencies given is :  B -&gt; C C…

Q: Given: Relation R = {(a,a), (a.b), (b,a). (b,b). (c,c)} and Set S = {a, b, c} Complete Relation R…

A: Find the answer given as below :

Q: Given a relation R(W, X, Y, Z) and Functional Dependency set PQ = { WX -> YZ, X->Y }, determine…

A: According to the information given:- We have to define the given relation R(w,x,y,z) and functional…

Q: Let a prime attribute be one that appears in at least one candidate key. Let α andβ be sets of…

A: Given: Let a prime attribute be one that appears in at least one candidate key. Let α andβ be sets…

Q: Given R (A, B, C, D, E) and the following set of functional dependencies: F= {A→E, D→B, E→C, AC D,…

A: Given Relation R contains 5 attributes A, B, C, D and E. The functional dependencies present in the…

Q: The multiple choice answers are: - One and only one - one or many - zero or one - zero or many.

A: The cardinalities are given below with explanation

Intermediate SQL Concepts

A query is a request for data or information from one or more database tables. This information could be presented in the form of pictorials, graphs, or complicated findings which helps in easy interpretation. Structured Query Language (SQL) is the most widely used programming language for retrieving and organizing data from relational databases. Collection of tables with rows and columns is referred to as a database. SQL is the language of databases. It makes it easier to extract specific data from databases, which can then be used for analysis.