Learning Goal:To use electronegativity or metal versus nonmetal classifications to distinguish covalent, polar covalent, andionic bonds.When two bonded atoms attract electrons with equal strength, the result is a nonpolar covalent bond. A polarcovalent bond is one in which the electrons are unequally shared between the atoms. An ionic bond resultswhen the sharing is so unequal that fully charged ions form. Electronegativity difference can be used to predictbond type. If electronegativities differ by more than 2 units, the bond is substantially ionic; if they differ by lessthan 2 units, the bond is polar covalent; and if the values are equal, the bond is nonpolar covalent.If you are not given electronegativity values, you can still predict the bond type using the periodic table. Metalshave low electronegativity compared to nonmetals. So in general, we can predict that any metal-nonmetalcombination will be ionic and any nonmetal-nonmetal combination will be covalent. If electronegativity valuesaren't given, you should assume that a covalent bond is polar unless it is between two atoms of the sameelement.Part AConsider the following element combinations. Classify the bonds formed between each pair as ionic, polar covalent, or nonpolar covalent qualitatively based solely on each element's position on the periodic table. Do not conduct calculations.Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins.► View Available Hint(s)lonicNa and NBa and OPolar covalentSubmit Previous AnswersP and ClO and ClCs and ClX Incorrect; Try Again; 3 attempts remainingReset HelpNonpolar covalentBr and Br S and IN and N

Ionic bond is formed by the complete transfer of some electrons from one atom to another. Two bonded…

lent, polar covalent, and lar covalent bond. A polar s. An ionic bond results ance can be used to predict ionic; if they differ by less polar covalent g the periodic table Metals at any metal-nonmetal If electronegativity values wo atoms of the same Part A Consider the following element combinations. Classify the bonds formed between each pair as ionic, polar covalent, or nonpolar covalent qualitatively based solely on each element's position on the periodic table. Do not conduct calcu Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins. View Available Hint(s) Ionic Na and N Ba and O Polar covalent Submit Previous Answers Pand Cl O and Cl Cs and C X Incorrect: Try Again: 3 attempts remaining Reset Help Nonpolar covalent Brand Br S and I N and N

lent, polar covalent, and lar covalent bond. A polar s. An ionic bond results ance can be used to predict ionic; if they differ by less polar covalent g the periodic table Metals at any metal-nonmetal If electronegativity values wo atoms of the same Part A Consider the following element combinations. Classify the bonds formed between each pair as ionic, polar covalent, or nonpolar covalent qualitatively based solely on each element's position on the periodic table. Do not conduct calcu Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins. View Available Hint(s) Ionic Na and N Ba and O Polar covalent Submit Previous Answers Pand Cl O and Cl Cs and C X Incorrect: Try Again: 3 attempts remaining Reset Help Nonpolar covalent Brand Br S and I N and N

Living By Chemistry: First Edition Textbook

1st Edition

ISBN:9781559539418

Author:Angelica Stacy

Publisher:Angelica Stacy

ChapterU2: Smells: Molecular Structure And Properties

SectionU2.16: Polar Bears And Penguine: Electronegativity And Polarity

Problem 2E

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Concept explainers

Formal Charges

Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.

Polarity Of Water

In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.

Valence Bond Theory Vbt

Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.

Question

Learning Goal:
To use electronegativity or metal versus nonmetal classifications to distinguish covalent, polar covalent, and
ionic bonds.
When two bonded atoms attract electrons with equal strength, the result is a nonpolar covalent bond. A polar
covalent bond is one in which the electrons are unequally shared between the atoms. An ionic bond results
when the sharing is so unequal that fully charged ions form. Electronegativity difference can be used to predict
bond type. If electronegativities differ by more than 2 units, the bond is substantially ionic; if they differ by less
than 2 units, the bond is polar covalent; and if the values are equal, the bond is nonpolar covalent.
If you are not given electronegativity values, you can still predict the bond type using the periodic table. Metals
have low electronegativity compared to nonmetals. So in general, we can predict that any metal-nonmetal
combination will be ionic and any nonmetal-nonmetal combination will be covalent. If electronegativity values
aren't given, you should assume that a covalent bond is polar unless it is between two atoms of the same
element.
Part A
Consider the following element combinations. Classify the bonds formed between each pair as ionic, polar covalent, or nonpolar covalent qualitatively based solely on each element's position on the periodic table. Do not conduct calculations.
Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins.
► View Available Hint(s)
lonic
Na and N
Ba and O
Polar covalent
Submit Previous Answers
P and Cl
O and Cl
Cs and Cl
X Incorrect; Try Again; 3 attempts remaining
Reset Help
Nonpolar covalent
Br and Br S and I
N and N

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Step 1: Classification of bonds

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Step 2: Criteria of bonds to be ionic , polar covalent and non polar covalent.

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Step 3: Ionic bonds

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Step 4: Polar covalent bonds

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Step 5: Non polar covalent bonds

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