Left ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular disease. A study is proposed to assess the relationship between childhood blood-pressure levels and LVM in children as determined from echocardiograms. The goal is to stratify children into a normal bp group (< 80th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and an elevated bp group (≥ 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and compare change in LVM between the two groups. Before this can be done, one needs to demonstrate that LVM actually changes in children over a 4-year period. To help plan the main study, a pilot study is conducted where echocardiograms are obtained from 10 random children from the Bogalusa Heart Study at baseline and after4 years of follow-up. The data are given in images. Problem a)What is the two-sided p-value for this test? Problem b)Now perform the test using the exact method and obtain a 2-sided p-value. Problem c) Compare your results in Problems a and b.

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Left ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular disease. A study is proposed to assess the relationship between childhood blood-pressure levels and LVM in children as determined from echocardiograms. The goal is to stratify children into a normal bp group (< 80th percentile for their age, gender, and height)
and an elevated bp group (≥ 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and compare change in LVM between the two groups. Before this can be done, one needs to demonstrate that LVM actually changes in children over a 4-year period. To help plan the main study, a pilot study is conducted where echocardiograms are obtained from 10 random children from the Bogalusa Heart Study at baseline and after4 years of follow-up. The data are given in images.

Problem a)What is the two-sided p-value for this test?
Problem b)Now perform the test using the exact method and
obtain a 2-sided p-value.
Problem c) Compare your results in Problems a and b.

TABLE 9.18 Pilot data on left ventricular mass
(LVM) in children from the Bogalusa
Heart Study
ID
Baseline
Change (g)"
4-year
LVM (g)
LVM (g)
1
139
163
24
2
134
126
-8
3
86
142
56
4
98
96
-2
5
78
111
33
6
90
108
18
7
102
167
65
8
73
82
9
93
77
-16
10
162
172
10
Transcribed Image Text:TABLE 9.18 Pilot data on left ventricular mass (LVM) in children from the Bogalusa Heart Study ID Baseline Change (g)" 4-year LVM (g) LVM (g) 1 139 163 24 2 134 126 -8 3 86 142 56 4 98 96 -2 5 78 111 33 6 90 108 18 7 102 167 65 8 73 82 9 93 77 -16 10 162 172 10
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