Ledger Accounts, Adjusting Entries, Financial Statements, and Closing Entries; Optional Spreadsheet. The unadjusted trial balance of Recessive Interiors at January 31, 2016, the end of the year, follows: Recessive Interiors Unadjusted Trial Balance January 31, 2016 Debit Balances Credit Balances Cash 13,100 Supplies 8,000 Prepaid Insurance 7,500 Equipment 113,000 Accumulated Depreciation-Equipment 12,000 Trucks 90,000 Accumulated Depreciation-Trucks 27,100 Accounts Payable 4,500 Jeanne McQuay, Capital 126,400 Jeanne McQuay, Drawing 3,000 Service Revenue 155,000 Wages Expense 72,000 Rent Expense 7,600 Truck Expense 5,350 Miscellaneous Expense 5,450 325,000 325,000
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
The following additional accounts from Recessive Interiors' chart of accounts should be used: Wages Payable, 22; Income Summary, 33;
The data needed to determine year-end adjustments are as follows:
- Supplies on hand at January 31 are $2,850.
- Insurance premiums expired during the year are $3,150.
- Depreciation of equipment during the year is $5,250.
- Depreciation of trucks during the year is $4,000.
- Wages accrued but not paid at January 31 are $900.
Required:
1. Journalize the
2. Prepare an adjusted
3. Prepare a post-closing trial balance.
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